1861 - this is the year in which serfdom was abolishedin Russia. This date was the result of long meetings of government officials with landlords, noblemen, who had a direct relationship to owning people and receiving their income from using their slavish condition. The prerequisites for the abolition of serfdom were several factors that created a situation of political and economic impasse in the development of Russia.
The causes and consequences of the abolition of serfdom
The main reason can be considered defeatRussian Empire in the Crimean War. Its outcome completely exposed Russia's backwardness from European states in the development of industrial production, the political and military leadership of the country. The long-imminent need for reform on the peasantry, in particular, and changes in activities, in general, served as the main force in the development of agricultural reforms. Special councils and commissions were set up under the government, which began the development of a document that gave freedom to serfs, explained the rights of their former owners and the order of the new life of the peasantry and approached the year of abolition of serfdom.
Not only for the sake of the freedom of an ordinary peasantAll government minds and enlightened people of the empire fought. We needed free workers to raise industry, build new cities, serve in the army, and finally. Serfdom did not give the opportunity to use the labor of the peasants. Service to his master, the processing of his fields and lands - this is the fate of the serf and all his descendants for long years. In what year did serfdom abolish, in the same year the peasant first encountered the problem of choice-what to do with this freedom, which he had long dreamed of? Stay on the usual and acquired place, or go along with a poorly earned hoard in search of a better share?
The date of the abolition of serfdom is a new condition for the life of the peasantry
The year of the abolition of serfdom was the resultpainstaking and comprehensive work. Emperor Alexander II February 19, 1861 signed the Manifesto of the abolition of serfdom. What has changed for an ordinary peasant and his family after this date? In which year the serfdom was abolished, in the same year the beginning of the development of the country's development plan in the conditions of the economy of civilian labor was given. The peasant could remain in the position of a tenant of state, landlord or noble land, paying for work or money for its use. I could redeem the land, however, almost none of the peasants could afford it - the price was unavailable.
Sell their skills and skills has become absolutelynew for the peasant, who always belonged to his master. To get paid for this, to trade, to enter the very beginnings of a market economy-the peasant's life changed, and his political views began to change. One of the main results of the abolition of serfdom can be considered the appearance among the peasantry of political leaders, explaining the rights and obligations of each participant in the new system - the seller and the buyer. Previously, a peasant could not have his own opinion, now he was listened to, he could to some extent fight for his small, but still rights. 1861 - the date answering the question, in which year the serfdom was abolished - it became the year of strengthening and glorification of the autocracy. Alexander II received from the people eternal gratitude and memory as a "savior and liberator." The abolition of serfdom served as an impetus to the development of the industrial-defense complex of the empire, the implementation of military reform, the development of new lands and the migration of the able-bodied population, strengthening the ties between the city and the countryside, and participating in each other's affairs and problems.
