For millennia, the demographicThe situation was characterized by a very slow increase in the number of people on Earth. About ten thousand years ago, the world’s population was about five million people. By the beginning of the new era, the number of humanity reached two hundred or three hundred million. This growth is mainly due to the onset of food production. During the period of medieval wars and epidemics, the rate of increase in numbers declined somewhat. Sharp growth coincides with the beginning of the industrial revolution. About two hundred years ago, significant progress was made in the development of medicine, economics, science and other spheres of public life, which made it possible to significantly expand the capacity of the human environment.
Since the 17th century, a markedincrease in the rate of population growth. In the 1820s and 30s, the number of people on the planet reached the first billion. After this begins a sharp increase in population growth. A "population explosion" has happened.
In the twentieth century, especially in its secondhalf, an unprecedented increase in population. At the same time, the demographic situation was characterized by serious changes in mortality and fertility, the family and age structure of the world population. Migration and urbanization were noted, there were significant differences in the development of mankind depending on the region of residence.
The population explosion in the 20th century is characterized byhigh absolute rates of population growth. By the end of the century, the number increased by ninety million people annually. UN experts believe that such rates will continue until 2015.
It should be noted that the sixth billionThe population of the planet reached as early as 1997–98. According to experts, every eleven years, up to the middle of the 21st century, a billion people will be added.
It should be noted that more pronounced"population explosion" in developing countries. This is due to the emergence of these states new opportunities. Having achieved independence, developing countries can more widely use the world achievements in the field of medicine. With the participation and assistance of the world communities, these states were able to eliminate various epidemic diseases that claimed thousands of lives. Thus, over several decades, mortality rates have declined substantially. At the same time, the birth rate in developing countries remained high. This provoked a "population explosion."
Reducing the sharp increase in population growth is possible under the condition of reduced fertility, given the fact that mortality in developing countries continues to decline steadily.
The modern "population explosion" islarge-scale phenomenon. Today, a sharp jump in the increase in population is observed in a large number of states, while covering a significant part of the entire population of the planet. In addition, there is a direct or indirect impact on the entire community in the world, as the demographic problem is becoming one of the most global today.
Experts note that the increase in the numberEuropean population was mainly associated with changes in the social, economic sphere of life. In other words, the development of these industries provoked an increase in the number of people. In developing countries, the situation is opposite. In these countries, an increase in the number of people preceded economic and social development. As a result, the already difficult situation of the population in the developing countries is aggravated by the problems of employment, ecology, and food supply.
