Партизаны Великой Отечественной войны 1941 - 1945 The year is part of the Resistance movement, which was designed to destroy the German supply system (undermining provisions, ammunition, roads, etc.). As is known, the fascist invaders were very much afraid of this organization, so they treated its members very harshly.
The main points of the tasks of the partisan movement were formulated as far back as the directive of 1941. In more detail the necessary actions were described in the order of Stalin from 1942.
The basis of the partisan detachments were ordinaryresidents, mostly occupied territories, that is, they know life under a fascist aim and power. Such organizations began to appear from the first days of the war. Old men, women, men, who for some reason did not take to the front, and even children, pioneers, entered there.
Partisans of the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945they conducted sabotage activities, engaged in reconnaissance (even undercover), propaganda, provided military assistance to the USSR army, directly destroyed the enemy.
На территории РСФСР действовало бесчисленное the number of detachments, sabotage groups, formations (about 250 thousand people), each of which brought tremendous benefits to achieve victory. Many names remain forever in the annals of history.
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, who became a symbol of heroism,It was abandoned in the German rear area for arson of the village of Petrishchevo, where the German regiment was located. Naturally, she was not alone, but, by coincidence, their group partially dispersed after the arson of three houses. Zoya decided to return there alone and finish the job. But the residents were already on their guard and Zoya was captured. She had to go through terrible torture and humiliation (including from her compatriots), but she did not give out a single name. The fascists hanged the girl, but even during the execution she did not lose her courage and called on the Soviet people to resist the German invaders. The first woman she was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
Guerrilla movement in Belaruslasted from 1941 to 1944. During this time, many strategic tasks were solved, the main one of which was the disabling of the German echelons and the railway tracks along which they moved.
Partisans of the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945have provided invaluable assistance in the fight against invaders. 87 of them were honored with the highest military award of the Soviet Union. Among them was Marat Kazei, a sixteen-year-old boy whose mother was executed by the Germans. He came to the partisan detachment to defend his right to freedom and a happy life. Along with adults, he performed tasks.
Before victory, Marat did not live a year. He died in May 1944. Each death in a war is tragic in itself, but when a child dies it becomes a thousand times more painful.
Marat and his commander returned toheadquarters. By chance, they met the German punitive. The commander was killed immediately, the boy could only hurt. Shooting, he disappeared into the woods, but the Germans pursued him. Until the bullets ran out, Marat left the chase. And then he made an important decision for himself. The boy had two grenades. He immediately threw one into the group of Germans, and the second held tightly in his hand until he was surrounded. Then he blew it up, taking German soldiers with him to the other world.
During the Great Patriotic War, partisans in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR united into 53 formations, 2145 detachments and 1807 groups, totaling about 220 thousand people.
Among the main command of the partisan movement in Ukraine are KI Pogorelov, MI Karnaukhov, S. A. Kovpak, S. V. Rudnev, A. F. Fedorov and others.
Sydor Artemyevich Kovpak, on Stalin’s orders, propagandized in Right-Bank Ukraine, which was practically inactive. It was for the Carpathian raid, he was awarded one of the awards.
Mikhail Karnaukhov headed the movement in the Donbas.Subordinates and local residents called him "Batey" for warm human relations. Dad was killed by the Germans in 1943. Secretly, residents of local occupied villages gathered at night to bury the commander and give him due honors.
Герои-партизаны Великой Отечественной войны были later reburied. Karnaukhov rests in Slavyansk, where his remains were transferred in 1944, when the territories were liberated from the German invaders.
During the time of the Karnaukhov detachment, 1,304 fascists were destroyed (out of 12 were officers).
Already in July 1941, an order was issued to form a partisan detachment in Estonia. B.G. Kumm, N.G. Karotamm, and Y.H. Lauristin entered his command.
Partisans of the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945years faced with an almost insurmountable obstacle in Estonia. A large number of local residents were friendly to the German occupiers, and even rejoiced at such a coincidence of circumstances.
That is why in this area a large forcehad underground organizations and sabotage groups that had to think more carefully about their moves, since treachery could be expected from anywhere.
Lean Kulman (shot by the Germans in 1943 as a Soviet intelligence officer) and Vladimir Fedorov became the heroes of the Soviet Union.
Until 1942, partisan activities in Latvia were notgot on This was due to the fact that most of the activists and party leaders were killed at the very beginning of the war, people had poor training both physically and materially. Thanks to the denunciations of local residents by the Nazis, not a single underground organization was destroyed. Some heroic guerrillas of the Great Patriotic War died nameless in order not to give out and not compromise their comrades.
After 1942, the movement became more active, people began to come to the detachments with a desire to help and free themselves, because the German invaders sent hundreds of Estonians to Germany for the hardest jobs.
Among the leaders of the Estonian partisan movement was Arthur Sprogis, who was trained by Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. He is also mentioned in Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls.
On the Lithuanian territory, the guerrillas of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 made hundreds of sabotage, as a result of which almost 10 thousand Germans were killed.
With a total number of partisans of 9,187 people (only by name), seven are Heroes of the Soviet Union:
Heroic Partisans of the Great Patriotic War of 1941- 1945 fought in Lithuania not only against the fascist invaders, but also with the Lithuanian liberation army, which did not destroy the Germans, but sought to destroy the Soviet and Polish soldiers.
During the four years of the guerrilla units onAbout 27 thousand fascists and their accomplices were destroyed in the territory of Moldova. They also account for the destruction of a huge number of military equipment, ammunition, kilometers of communication lines. The heroic partisans of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 were engaged in the release of leaflets and informational reports with the aim of maintaining among the population a pep and belief in victory.
Two of them - Heroes of the Soviet Union - V. I. Tymoshchuk (commander of the First Moldavian formation) and N. M. Frolov (under his leadership 14 German echelons were blown up).
On the territory of the USSR there were 70 purely Jewish liberation groups. Their goal was to save the remaining Jewish population.
Unfortunately, the Jewish troops had toto face anti-Semitic sentiments, even among Soviet partisans. Most of them did not want to provide any support to these people and the Jewish youth in their units were reluctant to take.
Most Jews were refugees from the ghetto. Among them, often met children.
The partisans of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 did a great job, provided invaluable assistance to the Red Army in liberating the territories and defeating the German fascists.
