About Spartacus nothing knows unless the most dense person. And that certainly will say at least the minimum: "Yes, yes, it was Spartacus's uprising. The gladiators fought for freedom. "
Someone will call the football club "Spartacus." Theaters will remember the ballet "Spartacus" and musicals. Lovers of literature will list plays and novels. Film fans - movies about this man.
And where was the conspiracy of slaves led by Spartacus? He comes from a family of aristocrats. He was born in Thrace (present-day Bulgaria). His name is not coincidentally in tune with the family of kings of the Spartahead family.
Spartacus is smart and educated.Like all the men of this people, he considered the career of a military only worthy. At the age of 18, he was a soldier of the Roman army. She was then the strongest. The young fighter has thoroughly studied her organization and manner of fighting. This was useful for the war of Sparta.
Later the Thracian left for his homeland, which began a war with Rome. I fought. Was captured and sold into slavery.
By the way, he twice was in captivity.But the first time I managed to escape. When he was seized again by the Romans, they sold the prisoner to the gladiatorial school in Canou, where a conspiracy of slaves sprang up, headed by Spartacus.
He was forced to fight in the arena with the same miserable people as he was from the elite strata. Staying at the gladiator school is just a delayed death penalty.
But Spartacus was strong not only physically. Thanks to the strength of spirit, fighting stamina, he was respected by the gladiators.
The more slaves became in ancient Rome, themore hardened exploitation. They ran away, burned the owners' property, killed them. There were also performances with weapons in their hands. But there were scattered riots.
In the year 74 BC. e. In the Capuan school of gladiators, 200 conspirators appeared. At the head - a native of Thrace.
Then Capua, where a conspiracy of slaves arose,headed by Spartacus, was no different from other cities. But soon they will start talking about her. After all, the secret plan was revealed. The participants were seized. Saved only 78 people. Attacked the guards. They broke the school doors and fled the city.
We went to Vesuvius. They set up camp on the mountain. To the rebels, gladiators from other schools, slaves from plantations, shepherds, peasants, soldiers flocked from everywhere.
To fight the fugitives, Capua sent her troops. But they suffered one defeat after another. This became known in Rome. A three-thousand-strong detachment was sent to suppress slaves. He was led by Claudius Pulcher.
This task seemed to him simple. To the top of the mountain there was only one trail. Claudius intended to block it - then the starving insurgents themselves would surrender.
Spartacus was smarter. He ordered the soldiers to weave rope from the vines of wild grapes, from the willow rods - stairs. At night the warriors descended. Captured by surprise, a detachment of Romans was defeated.
About the defeat of Claudius learned in the capital.They sent the next detachments to suppress the "slave war", as they said at the time. At their head - praetor Varinius. He forced the rebels to withdraw to the south. Spartacus himself did not want to fight. His army was still weaker than the enemy. He planned to reach the rich southern regions of the country. There to recruit more soldiers and only then to give battle to the Romans.
But Varinius, pursuing the insurgents, divided his army into pieces. This helped Spartacus, one by one, to deal with both detachments of the enemy.
Only now, receiving reports on the scope of the riot, about120 thousand soldiers who gathered under the banner of Spartacus, the Senate realized the importance of war with them. Two large armies opposed the insurgents. The battle was led by the consuls Gellius and Lentulus.
Leaving the rich territories did not like all ofSpartacists. And after such a number of victories! Few people believed in the defeat of the uprising of Spartacus. And the leader himself, apparently, too. 30 thousand disgruntled fighters (under the leadership of Crixus) separated from the leader of the insurrection, became a separate camp. They were overtaken by the soldiers of Gellius and killed. Kriks himself was killed.
Lentulus was hunting for Spartacus. But he defeated his detachment, and at the same time and helped him to help parts of Gellius.
Spartacus quickly left Italy. Here he is already in Tsinalpa Gaul. Here he was met by a 10-thousand-strong army of Prairie Guy Wara. And again fate favors slaves.
The apogee of the war of the oppressed for their freedom came. Everything was decided right now. How will Spartacus behave? The rebellion of slaves will not be defeated?
The road to Transalpine Gaul, beyond the Alps,is open. And the leader suddenly turns back - to Italy! Why? There is a version that he was counting on Sertorius's support, but he was killed. Here lies the reasons for the defeat of the rebellion of Spartacus.
The news that the army of the rebels is going to Rome,caused panic among the townspeople. It was said that the commander ordered to go light to this throw. That is an extra train - burn, kill the prisoners and slaughter the pack animals.
Spartacus of a simple gladiator turned into athe most dangerous enemy of the great Rome. They also took into account the fact that the main armies of the Romans were in Thrace and Spain. In Rome, in a hurry, the new commander-in-chief, Mark Crassus, was elected.
But Spartacus suddenly decided not to go to the capital. He still considered his army weaker than the Roman army. Instead of northern Gaul, whose gate was already standing, he turned to southern Sicily.
This was his mistake.Here are the reasons for the defeat of the rebellion of Spartacus. A lot of the rebels took this decision badly. 10 thousand people simply separated from the main part of the army. Crassus immediately attacked them. Destroyed two-thirds of the composition and continued to chase Spartacus.
And he was already on the coast and arranged with pirates to transport troops to the island. But they deceived him. Slowly the ships were withdrawn from the Straits of Messina.
Spartak saw - the battle with Crassus will have to take.And that all pulled. He realized that it is possible to cut off Spartacists from the mainland. To do this, dug a ditch 55 km long. From sea to sea. Slaves themselves will surrender, when there is nothing to eat.
But the leader of the insurgents did not want to wait passively. He led the army to the port of Brundisium. I thought that there was a chance to break out of Italy. To Crassus came a powerful reinforcement.
In the autumn of 71 BC. e. On the river Silarius in a brutal battle of the army of Spartacus the Romans were defeated. The commander, who fought along with others, was killed.
From Capua, where a conspiracy of slaves, led by Spartacus, to the river Silarius - this is the three-year path for the liberation of slaves. The struggle is tense, but unsuccessful.
Epic called "Spartacus, the rebellion of slaves"was completed. Many have found death on the battlefield. And 6,000 soldiers who were captured were crucified on crosses. This terrible sight dragged along the whole tract - from Capua to Rome. On the famous Appian Way.
After the war of Sparta, there were no significant riots of slaves. Although the captives never stopped their protests - in many different forms.
