What is transcription, its signs and correct pronunciation in English

English is one of the most important in the world, itsconsider home to more than 500 million people, and as much as they own it to a greater or lesser extent. Starting to learn English, first of all we are faced with learning the vocabulary of the language, its grammar and, of course, pronunciation. How to read the word correctly, especially if its writing is clearly different from the sound designation? Transcription will help you in this. And what is transcription, its designation and ways of reading, you will learn from our article. After her careful study, you can easily pronounce even the most complex words, as well as use the vocabulary and teaching materials, where it is widely used.

So, what is transcription

If we take a scientific definition, then this is the systemthe recording of signs and the rules of their combination, which are intended to record the correct pronunciation of the word. That is, in fact we are writing one thing, but in sounding we get something completely different. Learning the signs of English transcription, just like the basic letters, you can easily learn any text written in English. After all, in this language, as in Russian, words are often written differently than they are pronounced, and sometimes it is just necessary to learn their correct reading so as not to make mistakes in the future.

The main signs and rules of reading English transcription

To transmit the correct pronunciation of Englishwords were invented by the phonetic alphabet, in it sounds are denoted by special phonetic signs. Keep in mind, despite the fact that the letters in the English language 26, the sounds in it - as many as 44. Therefore, for the best mastering of the language should pay them close attention. In general, the transfer of pronunciation exists in any language, therefore, various signs are used not only for the English language, but, for example, for transcription of Russian words. This is very convenient, considering that the rules are pretty standard, and by remembering them carefully, you can transmit the sounds of absolutely any language unit. Knowing what transcription is in general, let's start studying it. Next, the rules for reading vowels, double-voiced and consonant sounds are given.

Read the vowels correctly

i ː is a long, percussive vowel sound "and", for example: tea, sea;
ɪ - short and unstressed (but sometimes can be shock) sound between Russian "and" and "s", examples - bit, business;
æ - pronounced as a clear and percussive sound, similar to something between "a" and "e", for example: cat, rat;
ɑː - long and deep sound "a", examples - car, heart;
ɔː - also a long and open "o" sound, read the words sort, board;
ʊ - very short sound "y", for example: put, could;
u ː - on the contrary, a long, slightly softened "y" sound, for example - fool, shoes;
ʌ - sounding closer to the percussion sound "a", for example: up, couple;
ɜ ː - a little long sound between "ё" and "о", read - her, turn;
ə - a short, not quite distinct "a" sound, in the words until, alias;
e - slightly softened sound "e", for example: bed, head;
ɒ - a sound similar to something between "o" and "a", in the words rock, body.

The rules for reading double-voiced sounds (diphthongs)

eɪ - slightly relaxed "hey", for example: tray, make;
aɪ - is read as simply "ah," in the words sky, buy, and so on;
ɔɪ - pronounced as "oh", for example: joy, boy;
ɪə is a cross between "ue" and "ia", for example: fear, here;
eə - sound "ea", where the last "a" - unstressed, in the words hair, there and so on;
ʊə - a long sound "y", at the end of which one can hear an incoherent "a", for example: tour, poor;
aʊ - A slightly softened sound "ay", in the words trousers, hour;
əʊ - also a bit soft "oh", for example joke, go.

We read consonant sounds

p - clear, vigorous sound "n", examples - parking, open;
b - also a clear "b", in the layers board, abandon;
t is a "t" sound, but when you pronounce it you put the language a little higher than pronouncing a similar Russian sound, for example: trunk, receipt;
d - a clear "d", in the words add, advertising;
k is the sound of "k", in words such as cord, school;
g - pronounced similarly to the Russian "g", for example: grace, agree;
tʃ - again a slightly softened "h" sound, in the words chance, catch;
dʒ is a strong, percussive sound between "h" and "f", usually in the Russian language it is transmitted as Joon, Jackson, for example: jungle, logic;
f is the same as the Russian "f", for example: fool, enough;
v - reads as simply "in", for example: vocal, voice;
θ - quite difficult to pronounce the sound, try to squeeze the tongue between your teeth and say "c" or "f", for example: thanks, ethnic;
ð - the rule of pronunciation is the same as that of the previous sound, try to pronounce with the voice "z" or "in", for example: there, this;
s - a sound almost identical to the Russian "c", in the words sunday, east;
z - pronunciation is close to the Russian "z", for example: zebra, resign;
ʃ - Also close to the Russian "sh", only a little softer, in the words shine, action;
ʒ - just a soft sound "ж", for example: visual, usual;
h - the sound "x", hardly audible pronounced on exhalation, for example: head, hill;
m is just the sound "m", for example: mother, mouse;
n - is pronounced almost the same as the Russian "n", only the language is raised slightly higher to the sky, in the words note, knowledge;
ŋ - the sound of "n", clearly pronounced "in the nose," for example, sing, reading
l - similar to the Russian "l", but not soft or hard, but rather something of an average, for example: laughter, legal;
r is the sound of the "p" and "l" mediu, in addition, relaxed, in the words random, order;
j - a sound very close to the Russian "i", for example: yet, you;
w is the short sound pronounced between "y" and "in", in words what, where, one.

These were the main signs of the transmission of English pronunciation. Having carefully studied them and already knowing what transcription is, now you will read any English word without much difficulty.