Multi-hollow slabs: description and photo

One of the most necessary, inexpensive and convenient ininstallation of building materials are slabs for floors. Currently, two types of similar products are produced: hollow and solid. Each type is designed to solve certain construction tasks, but still often when constructing various structures used hollow core slabs. In fact, these are universal designs, as they can be used for any type of construction. They are indispensable in the removal of floors, the separation of basements from the main buildings, the construction of garages, roofs and many other structures.

Plate of overlap hollow (PC) isflat concrete block of rectangular shape. Inside the structure there are oval cavities. They are needed to reduce the weight of the panel, to increase its heat-retaining properties. Inside the void, if necessary, you can lay engineering communications.

Production features

Panel production takes place according to projectdrawings by the method of pouring in accordance with the requirements of GOST: hollow core slabs are made of heavy concrete, the density class of which is not less than B30. In order to provide the necessary strength to the products, a skeleton is placed in the formwork. To extend the service life and maintain strength, all metal elements are coated to protect against corrosion by a special composition. Thanks to this, the products retain good bending strength for many decades.

In addition, according to GOST, for panels that will be supported on the walls only by two or three sides, a frame is made not of simple reinforcement, but pre-stressed.

To further facilitate the work with finishingmaterials, the upper and lower planes of the panels are carefully leveled, so that they can be painted, wallpapered, and other types of finishing materials applied without plastering. Stringing holes and hinges on the panels are designed for easy installation and moving.

Preparation method

The entire production process is strictly controlled andis regulated in accordance with the requirements of official documents. Manufacture of products occurs according to the following scheme: in a special form of an open type is mounted in 3-5 cm from the edge of the frame structure.

Together with the frame laid and stitchedloops. When the metal reinforcement is ready, the mixture is poured with concrete. Thanks to the application of the vibration method, the products are obtained not only by durable, high-strength, but also strictly comply with the design parameters. In them there are no inflows, cracks, cavities, chips and other defects that can reduce the strength of the product.

The panels are then heat-treated and sent to a laboratory where they undergo a defect screening test, and the indicators and benchmarks are checked.

Materials

In the future, hollow core slabshad the necessary characteristics, for their manufacture, in addition to purified water, manufacturers use only high-quality Portland cement. Filler is fine sand and gravel crushed stone. They are resistant to temperature extremes and impart these properties to the panels. To maximize other important indicators, various plasticizers are used.

For continuous reinforcement, depending on the purpose of the products, the following can be used:

1. Seven-wire strands of 6P-7 cross section.
2. High-strength wire of periodic profile. Its cross section should be 5Bp-II.
3. Rods for the production of which thermally strengthened steel of the At-V class was used.
4. Rope diameter 6 mm class K-7.
5. Reinforcing wire of class Bp-II and other similar materials, allowed by Gosstandart.

Indicators of standards

Multiple hollow core slabs series 1 141 1 -this is the basic standard for the manufacture of PC panels. Therefore, all regulations and rules are strictly observed during production. Moreover, the panels never poison the implementation, if they have not passed the quality control, as evidenced by the certificates and certificates issued to them.

On the side faces of each panel is appliedmandatory labeling, displaying all information about the product. Based on the plotted data, a selection of elements for a particular object is made taking into account the features of panel products and the requirements for their characteristics.

Marking

Since hollow-core slabs are intended for typical construction, they are marked during manufacture. To do this, signs are written in the form of letters and numbers:

1. PC - plate hollow-core.
2. The first numerical designation is length. Presented in decimeters (the indicator is rounded to the nearest integer).
3. The second digit indicates the width in dm (the value is rounded off).
4. The third digit denotes the maximum index of the bearing properties of the product. The figure is shown in MPa.

Characteristics

At present, many types ofhollow articles, which differ in the diameter of the voids and the shape of the plates themselves. One of the indicators on which the slabs of overlapping are multi-hollow are the dimensions.

Plate type	Thickness in centimeters	Length of the product in meters	Density of concrete, average in kg per 1 m3
1PK, 1PKT, 1PKK	12	Up to 7.2	1,400 - 2,500
1PK	12	Up to 9.0	1 400 - 2 5 00
2PK, 2PKT, 2PKK	16	Up to 7.2	2 200 - 2,500
3PK, 3PKT, 3PKK	16	Up to 6,3	2 200 - 2,500
4PK	16	Up to 9.0	1,400 - 2,500
5PK	17	Up to 12,0	2 200 - 2,500
6PK	15	Up to 12,0	2 200 - 2,500
7PK	9	Up to 7.2	2 200 - 2,500
NG	15	Up to 12,0	2 200 - 2,500

Use panels can be on the designs of anymounting dimensions: the overall dimensions are so unified that they are suitable everywhere. This is one of the important characteristics of the products that this series represents. Multiple hollow core slabs can withstand significant loads, in size they are inferior to similar products, which are intended for use in the construction of a foundation, bearing walls. But in this case, panel constructions with voids have a multiple safety margin.

Basic properties

To understand how important and necessaryfor the construction are panel structures, it is sufficient to study the advantages that slabs of reinforced concrete hollow blocks possess. Series 1 141 1 is designed for use in areas with high seismicity, so it is particularly strong. In addition, the use of products has many other positive qualities:

1. Allow the structures to withstand quite impressive loads.
2. Hollow products provide high thermal insulation properties, excellent frost resistance and fire safety.
3. With correct adjustment of the supports, the slabs provide an absolute horizontal surface.
4. To improve frost resistance, panels are produced in which cavities are filled with porous insulation materials.
5. Cloths are durable, do not need additional care, their application significantly facilitates the application of the finish coat.
6. The use of plates improves the waterproofness of the building, preventing the penetration of other parts of the buildings of gas, steam, and noise.

Application features

PC panels are in demand today at the construction siteobjects of very different purposes. These are industrial and public buildings, residential buildings, loggias, balconies. Applying multi-hollow slabs, it is possible to create two structural elements at once. These are the ceiling and floor, which, moreover, will be almost perfectly flat.

Due to such characteristics as strength, fire resistance, thermal insulation, panels can be used when building structures in areas with any climate.