Childhood of Maxim Gorky, one of the bestRussian writers, passed on the Volga, in Nizhny Novgorod. His name was then Alesha Peshkov, the years spent in his grandfather's house were full of events, not always pleasant, which allowed later Soviet biographers and literary critics to interpret these memories as indicative of the depravity of capitalism.
In 1913, being a mature man (and he alreadywas forty-five years old), the writer wanted to remember how his childhood passed. Maxim Gorky, by that time the author of three novels, five novels, a dozen plays and several good stories, the reader loved. His relations with the authorities were complex. In 1902 he was an honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, but soon he was stripped of this title for inciting riots. In 1905, the writer joined the RSDLP, which, it seems, finally forms his class approach to the evaluation of his characters.
В конце первого десятилетия была начата autobiographical trilogy, composed by Maxim Gorky. "Childhood" is the first story. Her initial lines immediately set up the fact that it was written not for the public, hungry for entertainment. It begins with a grave scene of his father's funeral, which the boy remembered in all its details, right up to the eyes closed with five-kopeck coins. Despite the rigidity and some detachment of childish perception, the description is truly talented, the picture is vivid and expressive.
After the death of the father, the mother takes the children and takes them by boat from Astrakhan to Nizhny Novgorod, to their grandfather. The baby, Alyosha's brother, dies on the road.
Принимают их вначале доброжелательно, лишь the exclamations of the head of the family, “Eh, you-and-and!” betray the former conflict that arose out of the undesirable marriage of the daughter. Ded Kashirin is an entrepreneur, he has his own business, he is engaged in dyeing fabrics. Unpleasant smells, noise, unusual words “vitriol”, “fuchsin” annoy a child. Maxim Gorky's childhood passed in this turmoil, uncles were rude, cruel and, apparently, silly, and my grandfather possessed all the manners of a home tyrant. But all the hardest, received the definition of "lead abominations", was ahead.
Many household details and varietythe relationship between the characters imperceptibly charms every reader who has taken the first part of the trilogy, written by Maxim Gorky, “Childhood”. The main characters of the story speak in such a way that their voices seem to hover somewhere nearby, so individual is the manner of speech of each of them. Grandmother, whose influence on the formation of the personality of the future writer can not be overestimated, as it were, becomes an ideal of kindness, at the same time pugnacious brothers involved in greed, evoke a feeling of disgust.
Good Deal, neighbor's parasite, was a maneccentric, but at the same time, obviously, possessed an outstanding intellect. It was he who taught little Alyosha to express a thought correctly and clearly, which undoubtedly influenced the development of literary abilities. Ivan-Gypsy, a 17-year-old foundling who was brought up in a family, was very kind, which was sometimes manifested in some oddities. So, going to the market for shopping, he invariably spent less money than he should have supposed, and gave the difference to his grandfather, trying to please him. As it turned out, to save money, he was stealing. Excessive effort and led to his premature death: he overstrained himself, carrying out the master's order.
Reading the story "Childhood" by Maxim Gorky, it is difficultnot catch the feeling of gratitude that the author felt for the people who surrounded him in his early years. What he received from them enriched his soul, which he himself compared with a hive filled with honey. And nothing that tasted he was sometimes bitter, and seemingly dirty. Departing from the hateful grandfather at home “into people,” he was enriched enough by his life experience so as not to disappear, not to disappear unknown in a complex adult world.
The story turned out to be eternal. As time has shown, relationships between people, often even linked by blood, are characteristic of all ages and social formations.
