Near Cairo is a complex of ancientpyramids, which can lead to the admiration of every tourist. The pyramids in Giza have a unique shape. They are devoted to many different literature, which can not always be attributed to the scientific or historical. Many authors of published books tried to pay attention to the digital proportions of these structures, trying to find in them some definite mystical meaning. A number of authors believe that these structures were erected by a civilization that came from Atlantis. However, there are no specific and reliable facts.
They are mentioned in a huge number of chronicles,telling about the construction of these magnificent buildings. The greatest pyramid in Giza is the pyramid of Cheops. Its construction was carried out for 30 years, and, 10 years from this period was spent on the construction of a road designed for lifting stone blocks. At the base of the building there is a square with a side of 227.5 meters. The height of the pyramid was 146.6 meters, but after several earthquakes it decreased by 9 meters due to the destruction of the upper stones.
Pyramid belonging to Cheops, like everyone elsethe pyramid in Giza, has four faces that are oriented to the four directions of the world. The angle of inclination is 51 ° 52 "The entrance to it is located on the northern side, inside there are three burial chambers, among which there is a pharaoh's chamber, which is a five-meter-wide room and a length of eleven meters .The height of the room is about six meters. - from granite slabs.There are no inscriptions or decorations.The sarcophagus itself is made of red granite.For today it is empty.It is assumed that the pillage of the pyramid occurred in ancient times.
The second largest is the pyramid,belonging to the pharaoh Khafre. It was built 40 years after the construction of the first pyramid in Giza was completed. The side of the base is 215 meters, and the height is 136 meters. The angle of its slope is a little bit sharper than the pyramids of Cheops - 51 ° 8 "The complex of buildings here is more clearly seen: the temple in the valley, the road, the temple of the dead and the pyramid itself.There is a lower and upper temple.The first is known for the mummification of the pharaoh The upper temple is built from the eastern part of the pyramid, in shape it resembles an elongated rectangle, the back part of which adjoins the pyramid, its inner part is divided into two parts: first, all believers were allowed, but only the selected ones were allowed to go to the second. temples connects the upper ramp, which is an indoor corridor partially carved into the rock it is laid inside limestone slabs, and the outer part -. granite His is illuminated through numerous holes in the ceiling..
The third, the most southerly, is the Pyramid of Mikerin.It is considered to be the latest of the three structures under consideration. The base has a side of only 108 meters, and its height is 66.5 meters. Inside there is only one burial chamber carved into the rock.
The receivers of Cheops, Khafre and Mikerin also built pyramids for themselves. Giza has about a hundred of them. They are much smaller in size and chaotically scattered throughout the territory.
Another famous Egyptian monument (afterpyramid of Cheops) is a figure of the Sphinx - a lying lion, having a human head. Its length reaches 73 meters, and height - 20 meters. According to the legends, he guards the city of the dead. It is assumed that the figure of the Sphinx was cut in a limestone block during the construction of the Chephrenian pyramid.
After many millennia, the pyramids at Giza were able toto stand in the desert sands. To date, this is the most grandiose archaeological complex of Egypt, which shows how powerful the rulers of the Old Kingdom were.
