If people lived to the most advancedage, and remained healthy, the whole human society would not have to develop and implement a number of auxiliary devices that make life easier for patients with disabilities in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system. Perhaps the simplest, but this does not become less important is a device such as handrails for disabled people.
Обычно поручни, помогающие людям с ограниченными motor abilities are constructive elements of the fence, which are equipped with stairs and inclined ramps that are used to support during the descent or ascent. All self-respecting European countries consider it their duty even during the design and construction of civil or industrial buildings to take care of the availability of such aids for people with disabilities. Equipping homes and offices with handrails makes it clear that the owner of the building or its tenant cares about the convenience for all its customers, without exception. Transport infrastructure facilities also need to be designed taking into account the fact that they will be used by people with limited mobility.
The building is considered to be relevant to all Europeanstandards, if the entire route of a person with limited motor abilities is accompanied by wall handrails for the disabled, allowing him to do without outside help. Must be equipped with such structural elements stairs and ramps. In this case, it is desirable to install barriers at two heights: 70 cm for people with disabilities in wheelchairs, 90 cm for accompanying people and all other people. To the extent possible, these aids should be provided for all frequently visited places in the home. The ideal option is when a handicapped person with a handrail can safely move around the house even in complete darkness.
Handrails for the disabled will be fullysafe and convenient only if the installation work involved a professional who has many years of experience in this field. Only such a person is able to correctly orient in the variety of models of handrails offered to consumers and choose the most acceptable option for each specific client. Indeed, in the selection process, several important factors must be taken into account at the same time: place of installation, area of the room and individual characteristics of the user - a person can be high or low, thin or full, move independently or in a wheelchair. For a layman, combining all these parameters can be quite difficult.
In addition, today, consumers are offered two types of handrails:
1. Equipped with a full set of fasteners. They have an advantage in that they can be fixed in any right place, because the fastener fits to the walls of various materials.
2. Without fasteners. Use less demand, because the mount will have to choose their own. But the cost of such handrails is lower.
Only a specialist can competently evaluate the pros and cons and give preference to one or another option that will provide comfort and convenience in each particular case.
Mandatory handrails in the homea disabled person should be equipped with a bathroom. Departure of natural needs is an intimate process, and a person with limited motor functions will feel much more comfortable if he can visit the toilet on his own, without any help.
В зависимости от площади помещения санузла и physical capabilities of the patient, handrails for disabled people in the toilet can be installed stationary or folding. The first, as a rule, can be mounted in rooms with a sufficiently large area. Usually for a comfortable and convenient arrangement of a toilet for a disabled person it may take 3-4 handrails in different parts of the room.
A folding handrail for disabled people is installed in the lavatories of a small area so as not to severely restrict very small space.
Для улучшения качества жизни людей с limited motor functions modern market plumbing can offer a whole range of devices. These may be toilet accessories with or without handrails. If a person’s condition is such that he cannot be moved to the toilet room, it is possible to purchase a toilet-chair. The preference of the first or second option should be based on an analysis of the physical condition of the disabled person, his age, the capabilities of those who care for him, the size of the bathroom, his technical capabilities. In one case, it may be enough to purchase a nozzle, and sometimes you can not do without a toilet.
The toilet for people with disabilities with handrails allows you to increase the height of the seat and must have certain characteristics:
1. Strength (able to withstand weight up to 136 kg).
2. Hygiene (adaptations of such a direction should be easily cleaned with water, soap or powder).
3. Inertness to water.
4. Mobility (light weight, the ability to disassemble and, if necessary, transport).
5. Stability (non-slip, secure attachment).
6. Versatility (can be placed on a standard plumbing of any shape).
7. Nozzle with handrails designed to meet all the rules of ergonomics.
The design of elements such as handrails forpersons with disabilities, their installation is regulated by two regulatory documents: GOST R 51261-99 and SNiP 35-01-2001. These documents stipulate in detail all the necessary parameters for the handrails (shape, size, design, materials allowed for the manufacture of handrails). Compliance with all requirements will make safe and comfortable use of disabled ramps and public toilets. The owners of the buildings will fully protect themselves from punishment for violation of the law “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”.
Handrail shape for people with disabilities should bedictated not only by aesthetic considerations. Convenience and safety during operation should also be considered. GOST handrails for people with disabilities can be made from tubular products. The pipe section can be round, square or rectangular. The disabled handrail should end with a curved outlet, hemisphere or a flat cap. The fundamental rule is the ability to conveniently clasp the element with your hand.
Standard handrail height for people with disabilitiesis in the range from 70 cm to 1 m. When it comes to stairs and ramps, the distance between the handrails must be at least 1 m in order for the wheelchair to move without any difficulty and inconvenience. For manufacturing the pipe of rectangular or round section is used. Rectangular rolled products should be 25-30 mm in size, for a round handrail for people with disabilities should be in the range of 30-50 mm. If possible, these elements should protrude 30 cm beyond the limits of the first and last steps of the ladder so that a person can stand on a flat surface without losing support.
For visually impaired people, handrails should beat the beginning and at the end they are marked with a contrasting color (usually white or yellow). Fences must have a high degree of fire resistance. In order to allow disabled children to move around the ramp, it is necessary to install guardrails at a height of 50 cm.
Из материалов, пригодных для изготовления for disabled handrails, preference is given to stainless steel. Fencing steel structures are durable, have a long service life and are inert to regular hygienic processing. Aggressive detergents, which are used for daily disinfection in public bathrooms, will not cause significant damage to steel railings. In addition, stainless steel is successfully used both indoors and outdoors.
Handrails for people with disabilities are only a small fraction.a healthy society for people with limited musculoskeletal functions who live nearby. The presence of such auxiliary structures will instill in a person deprived of nature, confidence in their own abilities and capabilities.
