Канализационный септик предназначен для сбора natural organic waste, their sorting, filtration and preparation for elimination. This site is the penultimate link before the underground sewage system in the autonomous system. The choice of the type of treatment plant is influenced by the number of consumers, the number of facilities discharging waste, as well as the seasonality of the operation of the structure.
The sewer septic tank provides comfort of residing at own house or a cottage. The facility provides consumers with hygiene, waste water and does not pollute the environment.
The more complex the septic tank, the more effectivehis work and waste cleaning. The considered device, as well as its installation, can be ordered from specialized companies. Alternatively, the facility is available to make and install yourself. To do this, you need to know the device and the principle of the autonomous sewer. This will help not only during the installation of the structure, but also allow you to navigate in unforeseen situations when the structure is not functioning properly.
Autonomous sewer septic tanks include:
The analogue of this construction is the cesspool. Consider the main differences between these two types of home sewers.
The cesspool also serves to collect wastewater,produced in the process of life. The simplest sewer septic tank practically does not differ from it, it is created from brick or concrete, but it has a bottom, which reduces the negative impact on the composition of the soil and the environment.
More complex models provide multi-level cleaning, eliminate the release into the air of an unpleasant odor. The units differ in several parameters:
Most of the structures under considerationequipped with at least two working chambers. The first compartment serves to settle the wastewater, as a result of which heavy particles are deposited at the bottom, and light fats and oils with liquid form from above. Partially purified water enters the second chamber for further purification through an overflow connecting pipe.
The second tank usually containsspecial anaerobic microorganisms that accelerate the decomposition of waste. Exhaust gases are discharged through the outlet to the surface. This part of the structure must be at least 500 millimeters above ground level. Subsequent cleaning depends on the modification of the septic tank. Some multisectional models produce practically pure water at the outlet, which can be used for technical needs.
In simple cases, the waste liquid shoulddisplayed on special plots that are not suitable for growing edible crops. These areas can be exploited for the construction of flower beds or lawns.
Sewer septic tanks for private homesequipped with one or more containers, are made of several types of materials that have their drawbacks and advantages. Metal products are not very resistant to corrosive processes. Plastic counterparts are easier to mount, but they are not very stable.
Polymer models need to be adjusted inplan and profile constantly, until the moment they are completely filled with soil. It happens that the rodents who manage to gnaw holes in them become the enemy of the owners of plastic septic tanks. The best option would be the construction of fiberglass. The main difference between autonomous sewage systems lies in its technical and functional features.
Before purchasing a sewage septic tank, it is necessary to determine the following parameters:
If the soil falls into the low category,It is advisable to install a septic system in the warm season. The minimum distance from the residential sector to the building under consideration should be more than five meters. The pit should be prepared taking into account the dimensions of all work items. In addition, take into account the height of the depreciation pad in the form of a slab of sand and concrete solution.
Before you begin to install a polymer septic tank,it must be filled with water before backfilling. This is to prevent deformation of the walls. It is advisable to make such a construction at the bottom, in order to avoid its possible ascent. As an anchor, you can use fasteners of the type of belts fixed on special pins embedded in the lower concrete slab. The cover of a sewer septic tank for a private house should rise above the ground so that the device does not flood during the downpour.
When installing the system must necessarilytake into account the depth of soil freezing. The entire outer part of the structure is processed with this parameter in mind. Foam plastic or special insulating materials are used as insulation. With proper arrangement, problems with the work of the facility will not arise under any conditions.
Sewage drainsseptic pipes, have a temperature of about 30-40 degrees. It cools down to a minimum during transport to tanks. Additional heating is provided by the heat generated by microorganisms. Therefore, the device heats up a little, transferring a part of the temperature to the outside ground. This effect can be observed in the form of melting snow near the unit. Additional thermal insulation will increase the efficiency of autonomous sewage even in the most severe frosts.
The company produces several modifications of autonomous treatment plants, is popular in the relevant market. Consider the features of the model with deep biological filtration.
The system is designed for the purification of wastewater.The device of a septic tank differs in simplicity, does not demand the electric power, the principle of work is based on natural processes. The design includes the main tank, which is divided into several compartments, interconnected by means of overflow pipes. There is also a filtration element that performs final soil cleaning. This modification is designed for light type soil, since its installation on the clay soil requires considerable financial and labor costs.
Principle of operation:First, waste waste enters the cumulative compartment, after the first cleaning stage, is fed into the next chamber, further processed with the help of special bacteria. At the last stage, the water passes the filter element and enters the ground.
The lineup of this series includes the following models:
If there is a temporary power outage, the flow of wastewater into the tank should be limited. Otherwise, it may overflow and give some of the content to the environment.
Не допускается попадание в систему материалов и substances containing acid, alkali and other active ingredients that adversely affect the processing microorganisms. In addition, autonomous sewers should not be filled with sand, polymers, rotten food.
Purification of sedimentary sludge is recommended at least twice every 12 months.
Decor of septic tanks and manholes with its ownhands can be done using polymer or other building materials, as well as through the installation of artificial turf. The main thing is to provide access to the working parts of the structure.
Some elements of the structure are subject to regular replacement. Study these points in the instructions included with the product.
The main materials manufacturing autonomoussewage for a private house serves concrete, brick, metal and plastic. The features of the latter species are discussed above. Read more on the other categories:
Стандартные вертикальные септики применяются для save space in the selected area. They represent mainly volume tanks of accumulative type needing regular cleaning. Variations of deep biological treatment are also available. The advantages of vertical structures are compactness and protection of internal filling from freezing.
If the "square" of the site allows you to sethorizontal counterparts, they are located in much smaller in volume pits. This saves on earthworks. A variety of models allows you to choose an autonomous sewage system taking into account the proposed area, financial capacity, performance and quality of cleaning.
Ready autonomous sewage systems havequite high price. It is cheaper to make a sewage septic tank with your own hands, although this will require considerable physical effort. The standard homemade system includes two or three reinforced concrete wells, which are interconnected by pipes.
The first tank plays the role of a settling tank, the secondThe camera serves for additional filtering. The third compartment is equipped with a bottom of sand and rubble, through which the fluid passes, going outside. The principle of operation of the self-made septic tank practically does not differ from the factory version.
