Всем известно, что водоснабжение и канализация в private houses are the main systems, without which you can not create comfortable living conditions. Taking into account the fact that currently only 5% of Russians have the possibility of using a centralized sewage system and water supply in a house or cottage, a significant number of house owners prefer to equip the engineering systems of an autonomous type.
Принцип устройства водопровода и канализации is as follows. The first thing to start building a private house is choosing a source that supplies water for drinking. As a rule, you can use two options: to build a well or to drill a well. Once the source of water supply has been selected, the project will be drafted. The installation of water and sanitation in private houses should be carried out in the following sequence:
Работая над проектом системы снабжения водой, You should definitely take into account the depth of the well, the amount of water used and other significant factors. In addition, the water supply system must provide the required pressure force, have reliable protection from undesirable environmental effects, and carry out high-quality water purification from harmful impurities.
Устройство внутреннего водопровода собственными efforts every year gaining increasing popularity. A wide selection of tools and materials makes it possible to perform work in the shortest possible time. In addition, you can arrange wells or drill wells. Wells are more popular than concrete wells, thanks to the rapid creation and lower price. The sand wells are clogged up to the second aquifer, artesian wells - to layers that lie more deeply. Submersible pumps will be required to deflate the water. When the groundwater is located higher, you can use surface-type pumps, which are installed without fail in the house. The installation of accumulation tanks will provide an opportunity to hedge against the interruption of the water supply system.
The photo below shows the water supply and sewage system.
For plumbing matters thermal insulationpipes. Therefore, the pipeline is either insulated with foam polystyrene to the desired state using stone wool, or buried to a level that is not available for freezing. The principle of water supply is the laying of pipes made of steel, plastic. For sewer systems most often use the latest option. The characteristics of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene satisfy the conditions of durability, environmental friendliness, suitability for repair, safety. The surface of the pipes inside has a smoothness, which reduces the accumulation of dirt, increases the period between repairs.
Laying of sewage current linesindependently carried out from products with a diameter of 150 mm, 110 mm. For plumbing used diameter of 32 mm. Pressure sewers are made of 50 mm pipes, since a constant pressure contributes to the improvement of the flow capacity for self-cleaning. This reduces the amount of work with the ground, it becomes more comfortable to clean highways from wells for inspection.
While working on the project, the relief,the size of the site, the principle of water supply, as well as the sewage system, which regulates the detachment of the objects being built from housing, carriageways, nearby, water reservoirs, rivers, old trees. The water supply networks outside the sewer system can be laid at the stage of the excavation, the socle, at the completion of the box.
Water supply and sewerage systems shouldto be optimally suitable for repair, otherwise the amount of work with the ground will increase dramatically, system maintenance will become uncomfortable. In the first embodiment, it will be sufficient to have a pillow of gravel and sand to protect against the forces that cause swelling, additional warming, which gives a guarantee against frost penetration when the operation takes place in the seasons. For the sewer system is required the presence of prefabricated wells for inspection. The tray is installed at the bottom of the pit, tied with pipes in the presence of a hole in the well.
When sewers are organized on siteplot with a large area, the principle of its action may be based on septic tanks or aeration tanks (biological cleaning methods). Aerotank - although expensive, and dependent on energy, but every year they become more and more popular in villages with cottages.
