About what is asphalt, humanity knowslong. Natural asphalt (a mountain tar containing a mixture of bitumens with mineral materials) was used by the ancient Egyptians and Phoenicians as a binder in the construction of buildings and ships. Indians of South America used asphalt to impregnate their boats. Asphalt was used by the Egyptians for mummification, and in the East it was considered a remedy. In addition, natural asphalt, extracted from the bottom of the Dead Sea, has been used (and still is being used) to create varnishes and paints.
The use of artificial asphalt (compactedmixture of bitumen, gravel, sand and mineral powder) as a material for paving began in the late XIX century in Europe and the United States. Then they began to use asphalt in Russia.
Of course, since the technology of laying asphalt, and its production have undergone great changes, but the basic principles have remained the same.
The most important condition for a normal automobilemovement is the process of giving the road surface a solid properties. Without normal asphalt roads, modern freight turnover is virtually impossible, and therefore the construction of highways is a priority for any country.
Compliance with the technology of laying asphalt and itsefficiency is directly related to the production and quality control of the material used to create asphalt pavements. Failure to comply with these requirements leads to premature destruction of the roadway.
The achievements of modern science make it possible to constantly improve both the component composition of asphalt and the entire technological process of producing road works.
If we talk about the technology of laying asphalt, it is performed in four stages:
At the end of these stages, asphalt needs some time to complete solidification and to obtain design strength.
This technology implies rigidrestrictions on the order of actions, compliance with climatic and meteorological constraints. Failure to comply with these requirements (for example, violation of the sequence or stowage under low temperatures, in the rain) leads to the fact that the road surface will serve less than it should be.
But even strict compliance with the entire technology of asphalt paving is not a guarantee that the road surface will not need further maintenance and timely repairs.
This material has appeared relatively recentlyin the country. It is made from ordinary polymer-modified asphalt with the addition of frost-resistant and plasticizing additives. The technology of laying cold asphalt greatly simplifies the process of repairing the roadway, because it allows you to perform work in a wide range of temperatures. It can be stacked at low temperatures (up to -15 aboutFROM).In addition, road works can be performed in rainy weather. For laying cold asphalt, preliminary preparation and priming of the repaired coating is not required. But the most important advantage that cold asphalt has - the technology of laying this material does not require the use of special equipment. It is enough to pour it into a pothole or pit and shave it, after which the polymerization process begins, and the asphalt quickly hardens. As for the price, if you compare it with the cost of periodic road repairs using conventional asphalt, it turns out that the use of cold asphalt will be even cheaper.
