Coagulogram or hemostasiogram is an analysis,which determines the coagulability of the blood. The rate of bleeding time for damage to the skin - 2-3 minutes after the blood was outside the blood vessel. If this indicator is diverted to one side or the other, the physician analyzes the features of the disorders that caused this disharmony, and prescribes the necessary treatment.
Coagulogram is prescribed during the examination atpregnancy, with suspicion of liver disease and in the preoperative or postoperative period. Also, for autoimmune diseases and blood clotting pathology, with varicose veins and vascular pathology, a blood coagulability test is shown. The rate of clotting directly depends on the amount of prothrombin in the blood.
Prothrombin is the protein responsible forblood coagulation. It is an important component of another blood protein - thrombin. Therefore, when doing the analysis, the lab technicians not only calculate the time itself, but also paint the chemical composition, the percentage of proteins that determine the coagulability of the blood. The norm of the content in the blood of prothrombin is 78-142%.
Blood in the blood vessels toits viscosity and fluidity resembles water. This is the main condition under which blood can fulfill its basic function - move along the vessels, supplying all organs with oxygen, proteins, vitamins and other necessary products. But at the time of damage to the vessel wall and its outflow from its bed, as well as when it enters the tissue thromboplastin, a program is included that provides blood coagulability. The norm of thrombin time, that is, the time of blood coagulation - 11-17.8 seconds (seconds).
If the patient's blood coagulation rateis rejected in the direction of decrease thereof, there is a risk of great blood loss during operations or accidental injuries, as well as during labor and monthly. Often, such a pathology occurs against the background of diabetes mellitus or with long-term treatment with indirect anticoagulants.
Men have a congenital disease called hemophilia, which is inherited. Women themselves do not suffer from such a disease, but are carriers of hemophilia genes.
To restore the norm of coagulation to patientsprescribe fibrinolysis inhibitors, direct-acting coagulants obtained from donor blood, vitamin K or the preparation "Vikasol", protamine sulfate, or make a transfusion of plasma from the donor blood. All these drugs and procedures slow down the process of dissolving thrombi and stop bleeding.
But if, on the contrary, the patient has less timeblood clotting? The rate of folding, as already mentioned, 2-3 minutes, but in the patient it folds instantly? So it's wonderful! The blood loss in this case is minimal, what's the problem?
It turns out that such deviations are the most dangerous. It is the increased coagulation that threatens the patient with strokes, thrombophlebitis, varicose veins, hemorrhoids and others.
Why does this anomaly arise?The causes of increased blood clotting are numerous. For example, an extensive loss of body fluids with diarrhea or vomiting or poisoning or infectious intestinal diseases; with an increased volume of urination, which is characteristic of kidney diseases, sugar or diabetes insipidus; when taking certain medications; with extensive burns and toxic edema of the lungs.
Also a symptom of increased blood clottingcan occur as a result of congenital or acquired enzymopathy, parasitic invasion, liver disease, endothelial damage, vascular disease, stasis (slowing or even stopping) or in the capillaries, often due to ischemia, venous plethora or toxic organ damage. During pregnancy or during the reception of some contraceptives, there may also be a syndrome of increased blood clotting.
This syndrome is the first stage of DIC syndrome.Treatment of folk remedies, this disease is almost impossible. Often patients are prescribed complex in-patient treatment, which must be strictly followed.
