The carburettor is one of the most important components in thecar. This device is designed to prepare an air-fuel mixture, which will then be fed to the intake manifold of the engine. Carburation is the process of a mixture of fuel and air. It is thanks to this process that the engine works. Consider the device of this device, as well as the ways of adjusting the carburetor.
Old cars use two typescarburettors. The first are the bubbling devices, which are very rare. They were replaced by more effective and productive membrane-needle and float analogues.
Membrane-needle aggregates consist of chambers,separated by means of special membranes. These parts are fixed with the help of a rod. One end of this mechanism resembles a needle. During operation of such a device, the needle moves up and down, opening the fuel supply valve and closing it. This is the simplest type of carburetor. It can be found on lawn mowers, engines of some aircraft, trucks.
Carburetors of the float type are presented in the formvarious modifications. However, the principle of their actions is similar in many respects. The main element of such a device is the camera and the float mechanism. Thanks to the first in the carburetor, fuel and air are delivered in a timely manner. Carburetors float type - this is a guarantee of uninterrupted operation of the engine. Barbotazhnye often junked and caused a lot of criticism among car owners. Float - the most perfect mechanisms. With them, the motor has good dynamic and traction characteristics. Adjustment of the carburetor of this type is quite simple, and even beginners will cope with it.
These carburetor models were used fordomestic cars since the 80's. At first they were equipped with VAZ-2108 cars. The first units worked with engines of 1.1 and 1.3 liters. Marked these products as follows - DAAZ 2108. Later the plant "DAAZ" began to produce a model "Solex" 21083, which was intended for engines with a volume of one and a half liters. Consider the device, since carburetor adjustment is impossible without this knowledge.
This unit is designed to form a fuel mixture on which the engine can operate in all modes and at any load.
It is two parts.The lower part is the main body, in which there are directly the diffusers, the GDS, the system for ensuring the engine idling, the accelerator pump, and also the economizer. The device also has a cover. It is equipped with an air damper, floats, a starting device and an electromagnetic valve. Despite the many components, tuning and adjusting the carburetor with their own hands are carried out quite simply.
The carburettor consists of two chambers.Carburetor jets are located in the middle of the chambers, deep in the main body. Above these elements are installed air jets of the main dosing system. In the model 21083 there is also a system for heating the fuel mixture. To it are connected the pipes of the cooling system. The throttle valves of the carburetor are located in the lower part of the base case. They are opened sequentially. The second chamber moves by means of mechanical levers.
In the cover of the carburettor there are branch pipes.Through one of them, liquid fuel is supplied to the unit, and through the second surplus of fuel goes into the tank. The second branch pipe reduces the pressure in the fuel system of the car.
These mechanisms are characterized by certainmalfunctions, many of which are solved with the correct adjustment of the DAAS carburetor. Most often, owners face clogging of the main dosing system. Also, mote can get into a separate idling system.
As a result, the jet installed on thesolenoid valve. The diaphragm in the accelerator pump breaks down, the electromagnetic valve wears. Often, due to excessive efforts when tightening the carburetor, the plane of the cover deforms. Many problems can be solved by cleaning the carburetor, blowing its channels, replacing the repair kit.
Adjustment of carburetor VAZ allows to providestable operation of the engine. Engineers have provided several settings. So, the owner can change the fuel level in the float chamber, adjust the engine speed in idling mode, change the quality composition and the proportions of the fuel mixture in idle.
In this case, the adjustment of the carburetor "Solex"does not cause difficulties even for beginners. Everything is very simple. Before you adjust anything, you should warm up the engine well. Then, using a plastic screw, set the crankshaft speed to 900 rpm.
Далее находят винт, отвечающий за качество смеси.It is in the hole on the bottom of the carburetor on the side of the dampers drive. During adjustment of the carburettor, this screw should be screwed until the revolutions begin to fall. At the same time, the mixture is depleted - in it the proportions of the fuel decrease. The engine does not have enough fuel, and it tends to die out.
Then the screw is turned off and the position iswhich the motor will start to work stably. Sometimes it is recommended to stop here. But it is better to rotate the screw until the engine speed at idle stops rising. If the revolutions are too large, they are reduced by the quantity screw. This is the adjustment of the carburetor with your own hands, or rather, the idling tincture.
To get a good XX, it is recommendedadjust it with a screw of quality. If you twist the quantity screw, the throttle valve of the first chamber opens more than necessary. As a result, fuel will flow into the diffusers not only through the idle system, but also through the GDS. Due to rarefaction, the motor will suck out gasoline, it will drip from the nozzle of the accelerator pump. Revolutions will float, and the motor will shake.
Often on this carburetor, many ownersface problems with idling - it disappears. But also with the adjustment of the carburetor "Solex" the rotation of the screw quality does not give anything. Often this is connected with the fact that the nozzle that is responsible for the operation of the XX system is clogged. As a result, the fuel goes not through the system, but is exhausted from the GDS. Therefore, there is no reaction to the adjusting screws.
There are several typical faults. This is the clogging of the nozzle and the idling channel, as well as a malfunction with the solenoid valve.
The valve is checked very simply.It is enough to apply to it +12 V and you can hear a characteristic click. If there is sound, then the valve works. You can unscrew the part - remove the jet from it and watch the rod. With a working valve it will be heated.
Further during the adjustment of the carburetorit is necessary to clean the idle jet well. This will solve the problems with both the XX and the tuning. To lose the idling, just one small mote.
To ensure trouble-free operation,in the float chamber there was always fuel. However, the level of gasoline is very important. To adjust it, remove the top cover. The floats are regulated by the bending of the tongue, which is above the needle valve. About what level to expose, it is written much, but unequivocal opinion on this account is not present.
It is best to adjust the carburetor VAZ according to the instructions. This is approximately 25 millimeters from the upper limit of the carburetor to the fuel.
Рассмотренные выше способы настройки позволяют solve almost all the problems with these carburetors. On how well adjusted carburetor, depends a lot. But there are other regulations. You can also set up the starter.
On sale it is possible to find jets with an aperture from 39up to 42 millimeters. You can select the desired by rotating the quality screw. If the stable maximum revolutions are reached with the screw turned almost completely out, a too small jet is installed.
If the "hill" is found, and the screw is almost twisted, thenjet large. There will be no particular difference in the engine performance. But in the case of an average jet, the adjustment of the DAAS carburettor will be much simpler, and the engine will idle at idling speed.
Despite the rather complex device, the carburetor is not as scary as it seems. It is enough to be able to adjust idling, clean the jet and know how to rotate the screw quality.
