Myopia cannot be called a rare occurrence.Every day you can meet a person who squints while looking at something away from himself. This is due to the fact that objects at a distance seem blurry and fuzzy to him, while things that are close can easily be considered in detail. High degree myopia is a severe stage of myopia, which requires special medical attention.
If a person is diagnosed with high myopiadegree, then this indicates abnormalities and eye disease, which can lead to irreversible consequences. With such a pathology, a picture is formed in front of the retina, which creates the effect of fog and blur.
With myopia, the human eyeball hasuncharacteristic oval shape. It is for this reason that the cornea is at a non-standard distance from the retina, which is why vision problems arise.
Changes in the quality of human vision, deviationsfrom the norm, expressed in diopters. High myopia of the eye is fixed in the presence of six diopters with a minus sign. This phenomenon requires immediate medical attention and appropriate treatment.
High myopia in rare cases maylead to complete loss of vision, but in modern medicine, such cases are classified as exceptions. In people who suffer from myopia in a severe stage, the following symptoms are observed:
Myopia, including myopia, can be congenital or acquired. Most often, it appears during the period of growth of the body, unless, of course, it was born with a person.
A high degree of myopia can be diagnosed at any age, and the disease develops both against the background of hereditary causes and due to mechanical intervention.
Medicine is unanimous that human visionit forms in the period from 7 to 20 years, after which it can normalize, and mild myopia (against the background of external factors) is not considered dangerous. The severe stage of myopia develops mainly for two reasons:
The rapid development of pathology can lead tosevere complications, as already mentioned, even loss of vision. The hereditary form of myopia can lead to loss of vision up to minus 20-30 diopters, which, in fact, speaks of practical blindness. It is proved that the genetic factor is a catalyst for the development of the disease.
Among the causes of high myopia, there are:
Disabled person with myopiaa high degree, the disability group is determined by the severity of each individual case. It is important to take into account the fact that a person is able to lead an independent life and carry out labor activities. Medical data are reviewed annually and the disability group can be changed.
Complete loss of vision is defined as the disability of the first group.
If the disease is left without proper medical attention, this can lead to serious complications:
The adverse effects of pathology can develop at any age and even after operations to eliminate myopia.
High degree myopia in both eyes or onlyone requires constant monitoring by an ophthalmologist. This will allow time to detect dangerous thinning of the retina. A dangerous sign is the appearance of a veil in front of the eyes, as well as visual distortion of objects.
Modern medicine has treatment methodshigh degree of myopia, therefore, a patient with such a diagnosis does not make sense to panic. The first task of an ophthalmologist is to stop the development of the disease and prevent dangerous complications, in this situation it is impossible to delay.
The patient must remember well that with a diagnosis of myopia from daily habits, it is necessary to exclude heavy physical exertion, sports.
High grade myopia correction with glasses is used for both adults and children.
Before prescribing such treatment, the doctor shouldconduct a full examination and find the right pair. A high level of myopia requires the obligatory wearing of glasses, and if the treatment is selected in a timely manner, then vision can be significantly improved, in some cases completely restored.
If myopia is detected in a child, wearing glasses is mandatory. It is important to remember at the same time that you need to gradually accustom a little child to glasses.
High grade myopia in adults withUsing glasses allows immediate use. However, in the process of wearing them, unpleasant sensations, headaches, and increased eye fatigue may occur. Such phenomena should be immediately reported to the ophthalmologist in order to choose more suitable lenses.
Conventional contact lenses are not entirely applicable totreatment of myopia, the effect of them is much smaller than that of glasses. Therefore, as a convenient accessory, lenses are irreplaceable in certain conditions, but it is not necessary to rely on them to cure vision.
Modern medicine has interestingmethods for restoring vision. One of them is wearing special night lenses. At that moment, while a person is sleeping, lenses have a beneficial effect on the cornea of the eye. After awakening, the lenses are removed, and the shape of the cornea remains changed, which greatly improves the patient's vision.
High-Level Laser Myopia Surgerythose patients for whom treatment with glasses did not help or did not bring the expected results. In modern practice, laser vision correction is a fairly common procedure, which in most cases leads to the desired goal.
In the case of high degree myopia, a similar operation is performed if the vision does not fall above minus 15 diopters. Otherwise, this type of treatment will be useless.
It is important that if the patient is not initially preparedto use glasses for a long time, then correction with a laser can be carried out bypassing this stage. At the time of the procedure, the doctor acts on the cornea of the eye and changes its shape; at the end of the operation, the patient’s visual picture is gradually restored. Vision returns to normal, or is significantly improved.
A similar complex operation is shown in casesvisual impairment to minus 20 diopters, but no more. In this case, the natural eye lens is removed, and an intraocular lens is implanted in its place, which will continue to function as the remote part of the eye.
If the patient suffers an even higher formof myopia, then up to 25 minutes of diopter, it is possible to use intraocular lenses, which become a real salvation for people with severe pathology. Such an operation is possible if the natural lens has not completely lost its functions, and then the lens is implanted in the anterior or posterior chamber of the eyeball. The method significantly improves vision, but does not change the shape of the cornea of the eye.
Any surgical intervention is possible only with a stable course of the disease
In combination with the main treatment, the patient maya course of vitamins as well as nootropic drugs should be prescribed. Vitamin and drug support for the body is most often prescribed in the form of a course dose.
Properly selected treatment allows you to stop the progression of the disease and return the patient to vision.
Ophthalmologists agree that during pregnancy, a woman diagnosed with a high degree of myopia should be regularly observed by a doctor who will monitor her vision.
During natural birth attempts, there is a high risk of retinal detachment or damage to the choroid from an excess of tension and increased intraocular pressure.
In such cases, obstetricians rely heavily onto the opinion of an optometrist who monitors the condition of the cornea of a woman’s eye. If the risk of adverse effects is great, then it is often recommended to abandon natural childbirth and resort to cesarean section.
It is important to remember that even after childbirth, a woman with a similar diagnosis must be observed by a doctor in order to track the development of pathology and take the necessary measures in time.
In order to prevent loss of vision, you can not neglect the basic rules:
At the first signs of a deterioration in the quality of vision, you should consult a doctor who will determine the need for treatment.
Medical practice proves that myopiaa high degree is not a verdict if you discover it in time and select competent methods for restoring vision. Only a specialized doctor can do this with the full confidence of the patient.
