Gastric cancer is one of the most commononcopathology. According to scientists and oncologists, gastric cancer is caused by malnutrition, as well as eating low-quality and harmful foods. Oncologists believe that eating vegetables and fruits, as well as foods rich in fiber, protects the stomach from diseases. Marinated, salted and smoked food, on the contrary, has a harmful effect and contributes to the formation of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.
A characteristic manifestation of stomach cancer is a digestive disorder. Accompanying his symptoms: severity and discomfort in the abdomen, vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite.
It is suggested that the formation of gastric cancerThe direct influence is exerted by the level of nitrates in drinking water. But the established opinion that alcohol promotes the development of a stomach tumor, on the contrary, has not been confirmed and no scientific proof has been received.
The absence of pathognomonic symptoms causes a later detection of such a cancerous tumor. As a result, stomach cancer is detected at terminal stages, which aggravates the prognosis for the patient.
Isolate four consecutive stages of cancer, depending on the development of the pathological process, in this regard, the principles of treatment at different stages of cancer differ.
In the first and second stages of cancer, resection is indicatedstomach and excision of regional lymph nodes. "Gastric cancer, stage 3" involves, in addition to radical resection, the use of radiation therapy. If the diagnosis is "grade 4 stomach cancer," the treatment involves a whole range of activities, including all of the above listed, as well as palliative, radiation and chemotherapy.
Gastric cancer is an extremely difficult pathology, with a largedifficult to treat. So, resection of the tumor and regional lymph nodes most often does not provide a cure. This is due to the fact that gastric cancer is characterized by early proliferation and metastasis. Metastatic foci are often so small that available methods do not allow them to be diagnosed.
At the present time, new,experimental, methods of treatment. As such a method, preoperative chemotherapy is used, which helps to reduce the size of the tumor and facilitates the subsequent process of surgery.
Applied surgical methods of treatment includeas a total gastrectomy, and partial, with the removal of regional lymph nodes. In the advanced stages of stomach cancer, total gastrectomy (removal) is performed, as well as resection of the spleen and lower esophagus. Radiation therapy for stomach cancer is used extremely rarely. First of all, this is due to irradiation of neighboring organs and systems.
Five-year survival of patients with gastric cancer after surgery is about 10-15%, with superficial tumor localization, these values can reach 70%.
A feature of chemotherapy in cancer is the lack of a reliable effect on the life expectancy of the patient, but its effectiveness ranges from twenty-five to forty percent.
As for radiation therapy, theintraoperative radiotherapy as a result of the application has proved its effectiveness and significantly increased the five-year survival rate of patients with stomach oncology at stages 2 and 3.
The forecast primarily depends on the stagedetection of stomach cancer. When detecting in the early stages of the effectiveness of treatment is up to seventy percent. However, such early detection is extremely rare in connection with the hidden picture of the manifestation of this pathology. Therefore, at the time of detection of cancer, only forty percent of patients have the potential to be cured.
