There are a number of diseases in whichkidney removal is the only way to save a patient’s life. This is an extreme measure, but if you cannot do without it, then you need to get as much information as possible about what will happen. Moreover, it is desirable not only to realize how surgery will be carried out, but also to find out everything about the period of rehabilitation after it.
In the human body there are no unimportant organs. Everyone does his job, affecting the state of a person as a whole. Kidneys perform several functions that are equally important:
The secretion of renin and erythropoietin is necessary for a person to support the level of blood pressure and direct blood formation.
Kidney removal has a medical name -nephrectomy. Before prescribing an operation, doctors try to keep the organ with all available means. The fact is that if a kidney is able to function at least 20%, then it is able to cope with the volume of work. But with some pathologies, the operation cannot be avoided. If a kidney is not removed in time, the consequences will be dire.
Nephrectomy prescribed for injuries to the body,malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, polycystic diseases and hydronephrosis. In case of detection of a malignant tumor, it is impossible to delay in making a decision. Cancer is characterized by the rapid spread of metastases to healthy tissue.
Kidney removal is not prescribed without complexpatient examinations. To assess the functioning of the second organ, an x-ray with contrast, MRI and other studies are prescribed. In case of emergency, the functionality is checked during the operation by introducing a special dye, which should be excreted in the urine.
Операция проводится в условиях стационара.The patient is in the hospital for 1 to 3 weeks. It depends on the complexity of the state and the type of operation. Nephrectomy can be performed openly or laparoscopically.
Surgeons prefer the laparoscopic nephrectomy method. Patients more easily tolerate such kidney removal. Reviews of laparoscopy are the most favorable:
The fact is that the manipulation is carried out through small incisions in the lumbar region. A laparoscope is inserted into them, and the control of execution takes place on a special monitor.
Kidney removal may be accompaniednon-specific complications that depend on concomitant diseases and prolonged immobility. This may be congestive pneumonia or pulmonary thromboembolism. In some cases, thrombophlebitis, myocardial infarction, or stroke develop. Such complications in medical practice happen infrequently, since doctors take measures to prevent them.
The patient must understand that kidney removal isconsequences of a neglected disease that could cause serious harm to health. Surgical intervention in this case is inevitable. But postoperative complications can be avoided. Here, much depends on the preoperative preparation and the person’s desire to return to active life more quickly. It is necessary to accurately follow all medical prescriptions and recommendations.
If kidney removal is performed, postoperativeperiod requires complete rest. The first day the patient lies on his back, sharp movements and turns on his side are contraindicated, because the stitches may slide off the renal leg. By the end of the first day or the next morning, the medical staff helps to gently roll on its side. Sitting in bed is allowed for 2-3 days, if no complications appear. You can get out of bed on the fourth day.
The patient is recommended to carry out respiratorygymnastics, move smoothly with arms and legs. It is impossible to remain still for a long time, but it is also harmful to be too zealous too. If the recommendations are not followed, a hernia or adhesions may appear.
Due to improper nutrition and usemedicines, toxins are formed in the human body. They are excreted in feces and urine, but not always the kidneys are able to efficiently process them. There is an even greater load in case of removal of the paired organ, therefore it is very important to facilitate the work of the remaining kidney.
В первую очередь, пациенту нужно приучить себя drink only purified water that has been filtered. It is also recommended to use melt water. In the daily diet, you must include at least 30 ml of pure water per 1 kg of patient weight, or 7 ml of melt water, respectively.
People who are obese should increase the dose of water consumption from this calculation:
This rate of water is required for daily use, plus the patient must receive additional fluid, which is contained in vegetables, fruits, soups, etc.
Adequate water intake will provide soft stools, while urine will become less concentrated.
The first meal is allowed almost a day after surgery, but water is given earlier. Some patients complain of decreased intestinal motility and increased flatulence.
After the patient had a kidney removal,nutrition should change dramatically. The next two years will need to follow a diet: completely eliminate from the diet salted, pickled, smoked and spicy foods, reduce the consumption of protein and sweets, refrain from the abuse of coffee and tea.
The daily menu should include fruits and vegetables.Pumpkin and watermelon are surely introduced into the diet. Meat or meat dishes should be steamed or boiled, because fried during this period is harmful. Occasionally you can eat dairy products or yoghurts, but they must be fresh and have a small shelf life. The amount of preservatives consumed is best reduced to a minimum.
If a kidney is successfully removed, rehabilitation may take up to one and a half years. Gradually, the remaining kidney gets used to the increased loads and compensates for the absence of a paired organ.
The first time you need to eliminate weight liftingand heavy exercise. In the morning and in the evening it is advisable to walk, it is very useful to carry out a wiping with a wet towel and a contrast shower. Particular attention will have to be paid to the cleanliness of the skin, since it performs an excretory function, along with the remaining kidney.
After removal, it is necessary to carefullymonitor the state of a healthy kidney. You can not supercool, run chronic illnesses, self-medicate. Regular consultations of the urologist will help to objectively evaluate your condition. Take care of yourself, because the third kidney in the body is not provided.
