The name "artesian well" is derived fromthe name of the French province of Artois. It was in this province that the use of water from drilled wells began. These wells allowed not to depend on such water sources as lakes, rivers or city water supply, and provided an opportunity to provide water for country houses. Water in these wells comes from the artesian basin. Such pools are located at different depths between the layers of rocks that do not pass water. To produce water and drilled an artesian well, the depth of which depends on the level of occurrence of water and varies from 30 to 500 meters.
Water in this case can have a different composition, independing on which of the layers of the artesian basin it was obtained from. Also, its composition is influenced by the way in which rocks pass the underground rivers that feed the basin. Depending on the terrain where the artesian well is drilled, water from it can flow or flow, and in some cases it is necessary to install a pump.
Special equipment is used for drilling.Such equipment is mobile, it is used for trucks ZIL, MAZ or KAMAZ. When drilling, it is important to prevent dirty upper water from entering the clean lower ones. To solve this problem, proceed as follows. The artesian well is drilled to the limestone layer, then a casing or casing is lowered into it. Outside, the pipe or column is cemented. This prevents the penetration of particles of unstable layers of rocks into the water, as well as contaminated water from the layers lying above the limestone. Instead of cement, compactonite is also used - clay, swelling when it gets wet. It forms a protective layer, which is in no way inferior to cement.
Next, direct drilling is carried outLimestone until a complete opening of the aquifer is complete. An operating column or pipe is installed. It is better to use plastic pipes, because they are not susceptible to corrosion.
The drilling of artesian wells requires largefinancial investments. As a rule, for this purpose apply to specialists who have a license for geological exploration. But you can consider this option as an artesian well with your own hands. It should be noted immediately that it will be difficult to make it.
To do this, you need a tripod height of 4 meters,pipe length of 3 meters in the amount that is necessary to achieve an aquifer with the connection of all pipes, a rope of the appropriate length or a heavy hammer.
The first hammered pipe should be with cutouts,closed with a special mesh. First you need to dig a well of shallow depth. On the first clogged pipe on one side a pointed tip is put on, on the other hand - a coupling sleeve. The pipe is installed in the well and is driven into the ground to some depth by a conventional sledgehammer. Then, through a tripod, a rope is thrown, at one end of which is attached a heavy hammer. Several people pull the rope, lifting the hammer, then drop it. When the first pipe is clogged almost to the end, a second threaded pipe is attached to it through the clutch, and the process continues until the first pipe reaches the aquifer layer of the rock. Having reached the water supply through the clogged pipes, it is necessary to install the necessary equipment, a crane or pump in the well. Artesian well on the site is ready for use.
