In the life of every person there comes a time whenhe begins to think about buying his own home. Someone prefers apartments in multi-storey buildings, and some seek to gain more freedom and independence by building a private home.
The first variant of special difficulties in the choice is notcauses. It is enough to determine the required number of rooms and the type of house (panel, brick, monolithic). But private houses are very diverse. Modern technologies allow developers to build residential buildings of various configurations taking into account all the wishes of the customer. Let's look at what types of houses are in our day, what are their differences and what materials are used for their construction.
Absolutely all private buildings are divided into two main groups:
• for summer holidays;
• For year-round living.
В первую категорию входят дачные строения и country houses, designed for relaxation in the warm season. Most often these are small and economical buildings, in which there is no heating and other communications.
Houses for permanent residence can be made in several versions, each of which has its own positive and negative features.
Today there are several popular categories of houses that differ in functionality and have different appearance. It can be:
• One-storeyed capital structures;
• multi-level cottages;
• duplexes;
• townhouses.
Let's consider, what characteristics each of variants is allocated and in what their differences.
Detached houses are considered the most comfortableand a preferred embodiment. Such structures are located on separate sites. At the same time, the more hundreds of acres of land, the more expensive the buyer is to purchase this property.
Обычно на маленьких участках располагают small cottages in several floors. They are equipped with all the necessary communications for a comfortable stay at any time of the year. On the first floor of such houses is a living room, kitchen and boiler room. Rooms for rest and bathroom are arranged on the upper levels.
If the area of the earth is large enough, on iterect a single-storey bungalow. This kind is very convenient because in the absence of staircases, movement around the house is more comfortable and safe. This option is preferred by families with young children and pensioners. But, unfortunately, not everyone can afford to purchase such a property, so the economical types of private houses are very popular today - townhouses and duplexes.
The first name is a varietymulti-storey buildings, which are designed for several owners. Each owner owns several floors, a separate entrance and, in some cases, a garage.
The cost of the site on which the house is located is divided by the number of its owners, which makes the townhouses more affordable, even if they are built within the city, where, as a rule, the land is very expensive.
In European countries, anothera kind of budgetary housing - duplexes and triplexes. This option is very similar to the townhouses, as it also implies the residence of several families in the same house. However, in this case, the property of the owners is limited not by walls, but by floors. In our country, duplexes are not widely used, so we will not dwell on them for a long time.
Previously, all the houses were built on one basis.But as technological progress does not stand still, several technologies are being used to build modern residential buildings, using various building materials. The most popular types of houses today are:
• brickwork;
• construction of walls from the block;
• construction of houses from a bar;
• frame technology.
Next, we will consider all the listed types of houses in more detail, in order to understand what their differences and advantages are.
Brick houses are popular for many decades. From this material both simple square houses, and buildings of more difficult configuration are built.
His positive qualities includeenvironmental friendliness, durability and fire resistance. Buildings built of brick are distinguished by presentability, considered to be very durable, able to stand for hundreds of years. However, for the construction of summer buildings such material is not recommended.
В условиях повышенной влажности кирпичные стены quickly become covered with mold, and an unpleasant smell appears in the room. It should be noted that the construction of a brick house is a costly and lengthy process, and if you are limited in time and money, pay attention to other types of houses.
Today in construction they actively usegas silicate, foam concrete, lightweight aggregate and arbolitovye blocks. Each of these options has its own characteristics, but several common qualities can be distinguished. These include:
1. Lightweight material. During the construction of the house is not requiredthe device is complex and expensive foundation, as the walls are fairly light. The same property allows you to save money on the delivery and unloading of building material.
2. Large block sizes. Since the block dimensions are much largerbrick parameters, the construction of walls using this material is much faster. However, considering the types of houses, photos of which are published in this article, it should be borne in mind that the large size of the block does not allow building buildings of complex configuration from it.
3. Low thermal conductivity. Building block type does not require additional insulation.
4. Breathable properties. The porous structure of the block contributesnatural air exchange and unobstructed release of moisture and steam. That is why moisture does not accumulate in the walls of such houses, and the microclimate that is optimal for humans is created indoors.
Houses from a bar and the rounded log todayare at the peak of popularity. This is facilitated by: environmental friendliness of the material, record-breaking periods for the construction of walls, reasonable construction costs and a spectacular exterior of the house Wooden buildings retain heat very well inside themselves, which reduces heating costs. The inner walls of the house do not require interior decoration, which also has a positive effect on the budget of the owner.
The wooden timber is suitable for the construction of both summer and capital houses, therefore, more and more often within the city limits there are buildings erected precisely from this material.
Speaking of the negative qualities of wood, shouldmention rot and fire hazard. But subject to the timely processing of antiseptic means house, built from natural material, will serve the owners for more than a dozen years.
Frame-panel technology recently began to be used in construction, however, such buildings are already superior in popularity to many types of houses.
В процессе строительства подобного здания a wooden or metal frame is erected, which is subsequently sheathed with sandwich panels. The panel itself consists of two OSP plates, between which there is a layer of polystyrene foam.
Благодаря большому количеству утеплителя, located in the composition of the panel, such buildings are warm and soundproof. Lightweight at home allows you to do without pouring a heavy-duty base, which contributes to cost savings of the owner. Houses are assembled in record time, and the interior walls are perfectly smooth and do not require alignment.
The main negative feature of frame buildingsis their fragility. With proper care for the house, its maximum lifespan is 50 years, so this technology is most often used for the construction of temporary buildings.
In conclusion, I would like to say that modernconstruction is very diverse, therefore, having considered which types of houses are being built at the present time, everyone will be able to choose for himself the best option both in price and in function.
