The investment policy of the state directlydepends on the course of the corresponding process, i.e. this is the participation of business entities in the economic sphere of activity in increasing the gross domestic product in the country. The result of the investment activities of business entities is the implementation of a number of activities on the use of various types of investment funds: financial and real, short-term and long-term, private, foreign and public.
State investments are carried out "under themanagement "of the main element of this process - the state, which can act in such images as the organizer or participant in the financial and investment markets, and also as the manager of the investment process.
In the modern Russian economy, an importantthe importance is acquired by the regional investment policy. The goals, methods, forms and tasks of its implementation do not coincide in the regions. However, there are common goals and objectives of this policy, which consist in the following provisions:
- due to the improvement of the investment structure, their efficiency is increased and the volume of this type of investment is significantly expanded;
- to create the prerequisite for economic growth, it is necessary to ensure a favorable investment climate;
- the correct arrangement of priorities in the selection of enterprises that are of strategic importance for the regional economy and require additional capital raising.
The investment policy of the state hasa sufficient number of participants engaged in multilateral activities to build up, in addition to their capital, and national, among other things. This phenomenon is quite diverse and complex, therefore it is necessary to consider in more detail the concept of "investment" with their classification.
Among specialists today there is no commonopinions on the formulation of this concept. However, when summarizing the available theoretical material, it can be stated that investment means the released funds of economic entities or private individuals, which are withdrawn from the current use for investment in a particular direction and bringing benefits in the future.
As such means can be used intellectual, property, financial values, which are invested in any type of activity in order to obtain social effect or profit.
The investment policy of the state is aimed at long-term investments of resources in enterprises of strategically important sectors of the economy.
The investments can be represented by monetaryfunds, various bank deposits, shares, share contributions and other securities, property (movable and immovable), property rights, rights to use natural resources, etc.
The investment policy of the state is being realizedthrough the relevant activities of citizens and entities of the business sector. The objects of such activities include basic funds created and modernized, working capital, land and securities. The subjects of investment activity are considered to be depositors, contractors and users of facilities, suppliers of material assets, compatriots and citizens of foreign countries, and other investment companies. Based on these subjects, the following types of investment are distinguished:
- ordinary citizens;
- state or foreign;
- non-state enterprises;
- joint investment.
But depending on the values being invested, real, intellectual and financial investments are distinguished.
