Grigory Myasoyedov is an outstanding painter who entered the history of Russian art as the organizer and permanent leader of the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions.
The future artist was born on April 7, 1834.His family, who lived in the village of Pankovo (Orel province), did not differ in prosperity, but belonged to an old noble family. Since childhood, Grigory began to be interested in art. After graduating from the Orel gymnasium, in 1853 he began studying at the Academy of Arts in the city of Petersburg. Within its walls Miasoyedov painted the picture "Congratulation of the young in the landlord's house". For her promising author was awarded a small gold medal.
Right retirement trip and a big gold medala talented painter got for the art canvas "The Flight of Grigory Otrepiev from the Inn on the Lithuanian border" (1862). "The revolt of fourteen", which occurred in 1863 in the Academy of Arts, Myasoedov did not find, because he had graduated earlier.
At the end of the school Myasoedov GregoryGrigorievich went abroad, worked in Italy, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Switzerland. In 1867 he settled in Florence, made acquaintance with the family of A. I. Herzen who was disgraced at that time. He was the most prominent critic of the feudal Russian Empire. For many years, the Russian painter Nikolai Nikolayevich Ge became a friend of Gregory.
Помимо художественного таланта, Григорий обладал poetic gift and wrote poems. In adulthood, he published short stories in magazines and newspapers. Gregory Myasoedov, called for his passion for “artist-writer”, the main vocation of his life, was advocating the ideas of peredvizhnichestvo — a direction based on a realistic manner of depicting everyday life and symbolizing social art.
The idea of forming the Association of the Wanderers,the leadership which the artist put on himself, came in the 1860s, after traveling through Europe. There, Meat-Eaters could observe the activities of European artists who organized mobile commercial exhibitions. He successfully implemented it on the territory of Russia. December 6, 1870 - the date of the first gathering of the members of the Partnership on which the board was appointed. It includes: Myasoedov G. G., Perov V. G., Klodt M. K., Ge N. N., Kramskoy I. N.
True, although he was a young innovator,by age, Grigori Grigorievich turned into an unsociable, gall old man, embittered at everyone and everything. He conservatively strictly kept the old ideas about art, not wanting to recognize the creativity of the young generation, in particular I. I. Levitan, M. V. Nesterov, A. I. Kuindzhi.
Mobile art exhibition for the first timeopened in Petersburg on November 21, 1871. Grigory Grigorievich Myasoyedov presented his work on it with the picture “Grandfather of the Russian fleet (Boat of Peter the Great)”. The work, which brought wide popularity, - "Zemstvo Lunches", the artist presented at the second exhibition in 1872.
This canvas depicts a group of peasantsgathered at the entrance of the provincial council of a provincial town on one of the sunny days. One, sitting on stone slabs, laid his head and dozed off on a sack, the rest slowly eaten onions and bread with salt. And the officials in the house had just had their dinner: through the open window a footman was seen sweeping up the dishes. In the picture there is no direct opposition of the poor and the haves of the Zemstvo, but the contrast of poverty and wealth is striking involuntarily. The pursuit of the daily and the real is the key task of Peredvizhnicheskogo realism - reflected in this work to the full.
In 1872, for the painting "Spell" GregoryMyasoedov was awarded the title of academician. In the work "Reading the situation of February 19, 1861," the painter clearly depicted the complete bewilderment of the peasants in the matter of their fate and unfulfilled expectations. People from the people often posed for Myasoyedov, who, before entering the picture of the characters, talked to them for a long time, showing a sincere interest in the fate of each.
In 1876, the artist Myasoedov GregoryGrigoryevich settled on a farm near Kharkov, where he engaged in gardening and horticulture. From that moment, the beginning of the decline of his work was celebrated. The attitude of the Russian artist to peasant life has changed; the painter expresses sincere interest in popular beliefs and traditions. Thus, in the painting “Pawing” an ancient pagan rite is displayed, aimed at protecting livestock from illness and death.
In the work “Prayer on arable land for the gift of rain”Russian artist was able to reliably convey the emotional stress of the peasants, praying for the help of the Lord God in the dry summer. In the 1880s, Myasoedov, along with paintings of the everyday genre, worked on landscapes. The painting by Grigory Grigorievich Myasoedov “Kostsy” vividly reflects the peasant life, which for centuries has united all generations into a single working group.
This work is imbued with respect for heavy peasant labor, which forms the basis of the life of the Russian Empire.
In the late 1880s, Myasoedov lived in the cityPoltava, in a spacious house with a garden, a pond and a park. In the autumn and in the winter I visited Crimea. In Poltava, the author made a sketch of a theater curtain, created decorations for the city theater, opened a drawing school, published a brochure on gardening. Shortly before his death, he was going to perform 3 landmark paintings under the title "Holy Russia". Among contemporaries, Myasoedov stood out with a passionate love for music: he knew how to play the piano, violin, viola, and sometimes sang. The classics Haydn, Beethoven, Mozart, Glinka, Schumann were his favorite composers.
Grigory Grigoriyevich Myasoyedov died in 1911, on December 18, in Pavlenka's own manor near Poltava, in whose garden he was buried.
