Monsoon forests - these are huge green territory with juicy vegetation and rich wildlife. In the rainy period, they resemble equatorial evergreens the woods. Occur in subequatorial and tropical climates. Attract tourists and photographers variety of scenic landscapes.
Wet monsoon forests are most common in the tropics. Most often they are located at an altitude of 850 meters above sea level. They are called yet deciduous due to the fact that the trees are losingfoliage during the drought. Abundant rains give them back their juiciness and color. The trees here are twenty meters high, the leaves on the crowns are small. In the undergrowth common evergreens species, many vines and epiphytes. In the monsoon zone grow orchids. They are found in the Brazilian coastal mountain ranges, the Himalayas, Malaysia, Mexico, Indochina.
Monsoon forests in the Far East are famous for the variety of plants and animals. Warm and wet summer, abundance of vegetable feedcreate favorable conditions for the habitat of insects, birds, mammals. Here are coniferous and deciduous trees. Among the inhabitants of the forests, sable, squirrel, chipmunk, hazel grouse, as well as animals rare for the climatic zone of Russia are seen. Typical monsoon inhabitants woodland - Ussurian tiger, the black bear, Far Eastern cat, sika deer, wolf, raccoon dog. On the territory there are many boars, hares, moles, pheasants. Reservoirs subequatorial The climate is rich in fish. Some species are protected.
In the wet forests of Brazil, Mexico, Indochina grow rare orchids. About sixty percent refer to sympodial species well-known among gardeners. Red yellow Soils of monsoon areas are favorable for ficuses, palm trees, valuable tree species. The most famous include tick, satin, saloiron For example, a banyan tree is able to form from its trunks dark groveIn the Indian Botanical Garden grows a huge banyan tree, which has nearly two thousand (!) Stems. The crown of the tree covers an area of twelve thousand square meters. Moss-changing forests become habitats for bamboo bears (pandas), Japanese macaques, salamanders, tigers, leopards, poisonous insects and snakes.
What is the prevailing climate in monsoon forests? Winter is mostly dry, summer is not hot, but warm. The drought period lasts three four of the month. The average air temperature is lower than in the humid tropics: the absolute minimum is -25 degrees, the maximum is 35 with a sign "+" The temperature difference is from eight to twelve degrees. Characteristic feature of climate - prolonged rain showers in summer and their absence in winter. The difference between two opposite seasons - awesome.
Monsoon forests are known for their morning mists.and low clouds. That is why the air is so saturated with moisture. Already by noon the bright sun completely evaporates moisture from the vegetation. In the afternoon a foggy haze is again formed in the forests. High humidity and cloudiness are maintained for a long period of time. In winter, precipitation also falls, but rarely.
AT subequatorial belt due to heavy rainfall anduneven distribution, high contrast temperatures develop monsoon forests. On the territory of Russia they grow in the Far East, have a complex relief, rich flora and fauna. There are wet forests in Indochina, Hindustan, on Philippine islands, in Asia, North and South America, Africa. Despite the long rainy seasons and long droughts, the fauna in monsoon forest zones is poorer than in humid equatorial zones.
The most pronounced phenomenon of monsoons onThe Indian continent, where the period of drought is replaced by heavy rainfall, the duration of which can be seven months. Such a change of weather is characteristic of Indochina, Burma, Indonesia, Africa, Madagascar, the northern and eastern parts of Australia, and Oceania. For example, in Indochina and on the peninsula Hindustan сухой период в лесах длится семь месяцев (с April to October). Trees with large crowns and a vault of irregular shape grow in vast monsoon areas. Sometimes forests grow in tiers, which is especially noticeable from a height.
For monsoon wet soils, red is characteristic.shade, granular structure, low content of humus. The soil is rich in beneficial trace elements, such as iron and silicon. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium in wet soil is very small. On the territory of Southeast Asia dominate yellow soils and red soils. Central Africa and South Asia differ in dry black soil. Interestingly, with the termination of the rain is growing humus concentration in monsoon forests. Nature reserve - One of the forms of wildlife protection in the territory rich in valuable plants and animals. It is in wet forests that many types of orchids are found.
Monsoon forests in subequatorial climate Hindustan, China, Indochina, Australia, America, Africa,Far East (Russia) are characterized by a variety of fauna. For example, in Southeast Asia, teak trees as well as Indochinese laurel and ebony are common in variable-wet zones. There are also bamboo, creepers, butea, cereal.Many trees in the forests are highly valued due to healthy and durable wood. For example, tick bark is dense and resistant to destruction by termites and fungi. At the southern foot of the Himalayas grow salovy the woods. There are many thorny bushes in the monsoon regions of Central America. Grows in a humid climate and valuable Jat tree.
In the subequatorial climate, fast-growing trees are common. Palms, acacias, baobab, spurge, cecropium, entandrofragmferns, there are many other types of plants andcolors. A humid climate zone is characterized by a large variety of birds and insects. In the forests there are woodpeckers, parrots, toucans, termites, ants, butterflies. Among terrestrial animals are found in monsoon woodlands marsupials, elephants, various members of the family feline, freshwater, amphibians, frogs, snakes. This world is truly bright and rich.
