Probably, each of us not once heardword combinations: Kostromskaya GRES, Zaporizhzhya state district power station, Konakovskaya GRES and many other names of cities and towns (and even entire states) together with the letters of the state district power station. The decoding of these letters (abbreviations) denoting a certain phrase sounds like this: State District Electric Station (GRES). In the world, the very first power plant, called "Power Transmission", was built in the suburbs of Moscow in 1912 - 1914. The project was developed and supervised by Russian engineer R. E. Klasson. The power station operated on local fuel - peat. And had a capacity of 15 MW. It provided electricity to the growing needs of Moscow and the surrounding region.
By the end of the twentieth century in the term GRESdecoding lost "district", and in the early 2000s and "state" part, because powerful thermal power stations already served not the district, but entirely administrative areas and even entire independent countries. For example, almost all of Estonia is supplied with electricity by two powerful power plants - the Pribaltiyskaya (1.654 GW) and the Estonian - 1.6 GW. In Lithuania, one GRES (Lithuanian - 1.8 GW) also gives much of the electricity that the independent country needs so much. In the Russian Federation, more than 250 thermal power plants (mainly GRES and CHPP) are in operation, almost all of which were built during the Soviet era. The "state" part of the term became in many cases private or joint-stock.
Today in the term GRES, the decoding of whichpractically useless, as it was already shown earlier, the words "state regional" are replaced, more often, by the term of the functional description "condensation". Namely - Condensation Electric Station (IES). The term GRES, the decoding of which has lost its meaning, is used by inertia of thinking or habit.
Among these power plants - GRES, or, more precisely, KES, include Serovskaya in the Yekaterinburg region (in the city of Serov), and Ryazan (in the eponymous Ryazan region, in the village of Novomichurinsk).
In 2010decided to modernize at the Serovskaya GRES - to build a new power unit with a capacity of 419.5 MW. This power unit will be combined-cycle, the manufacturer - the company "Siemens" (Germany). Due to combined-cycle technology, the efficiency of the unit will increase to 58% or more. The launch of the new part is scheduled for 2014.
Ryazan state district power station - thermal condensinga power plant with a design capacity of 3,600 MW. One of the largest thermal power plants in the USSR. Its name is not on the nearest settlement, but on the regional center. The power of the station in Soviet times was 2,650 MW, and for heat supply it was 180 Gcal / h. During the Soviet era, four power units of 300 MW and three 800 MW each were built in the construction project. Four of them were built with 300 MW each and two with 800 MW each. The fuel used is near Moscow coal and fuel oil. Two of its chimneys in the number of ultra-high pipes of the world (their height - 320 m). Later, natural gas was added to the fuel. In recent years, the plant has been modernized (installed a gas turbine plant with an electric generator) and its capacity has increased to 3,200 MW.
