Conservation of nature is an important task, because promotionforward civilization leads to inevitable difficulties and risks in the matter of environmental pollution. Among other social hazards one of the first places is occupied by environmental problems associated with the use of heat engines.
Every day we deal with enginesdriving cars, ships, production equipment, railway locomotives and airplanes. It was the emergence and widespread use of heat engines that quickly advanced the industry.
The environmental problem of using heatmachines is that emissions of thermal energy inevitably lead to heating of surrounding objects, including the atmosphere. Scientists have long struggled with the problem of melting glaciers and rising sea levels, considering human activity to be the main factor influencing. Changes in nature will lead to a change in the conditions of our life, but despite this, energy consumption increases every year.
Millions of cars on internal enginescombustion involved in the transport of passengers and goods. Powerful diesel locomotives run along railways, and steamboats run along waterways. Airplanes and helicopters are equipped with piston, turbojet and turboprop engines. Rocket engines "push" into space, stations, ships and satellites of the Earth. Internal combustion engines in agriculture are installed on combines, pumping stations, tractors and other objects.
Machines used by humans, heat engines,the production of automobiles, the use of gas turbine propulsion systems, aircraft and launch vehicles, the pollution of the aquatic environment by ships — all of this has a disastrously destructive effect on the environment.
First, when burning coal and oil into the atmosphereNitrogen and sulfur compounds that are harmful to humans are released. Secondly, atmospheric oxygen is used in the processes, whose content in the air due to this decreases.
Emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere - notthe only factor in the influence of heat engines on nature. The production of mechanical and electrical energy cannot be carried out without the removal of significant quantities of heat into the environment, which can not but lead to an increase in the average temperature on the planet.
Thermal pollution is burdened by the fact thatCombustible substances increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This, in turn, leads to a greenhouse effect. Global warming is becoming a real danger.
The environmental problem of using heatmachines lies in the fact that the combustion of fuel can not be complete, and this leads to the release into the air that we breathe, ash and soot flakes. According to statistics, around the world power plants annually dump into the air more than 200 million tons of ash and more than 60 million tons of sulfur oxide.
Проблемы экологии, связанные с использованием heat engines are trying to solve all civilized countries. The latest energy-saving technologies for the improvement of heat engines are introduced. As a result, the energy consumption for the production of the same product is significantly reduced, reducing the harmful effect on the environment.
Thermal power plants, internal enginesthe combustion of cars and other cars in large quantities is dumped into the atmosphere and then into the soil harmful for all living waste, for example, chlorine, sulfur compounds (when coal burns), carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. Automobile engines annually emit the atmosphere is about three tons of lead.
At nuclear power plants, another environmental problem of using heat engines is the safety and disposal of radioactive waste.
Из-за невероятно большого потребления энергии Some regions have lost the ability to self-clean their own airspace. The operation of nuclear power plants helped to significantly reduce harmful emissions, however, for the operation of steam turbines requires a huge amount of water and a large space under the ponds to cool the exhaust steam.
Unfortunately, humanity can not refusefrom the use of heat engines. Where is the way out? In order to spend an order of magnitude less fuel, that is, to reduce energy consumption, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the engine for the same work. The fight against the negative consequences of the use of heat engines is only to increase the energy efficiency and switch to energy-saving technologies.
In general, it would be wrong to say thatThe global environmental problem of using heat engines is not solved. An increasing number of electric locomotives are replacing ordinary trains; become popular cars on batteries; energy-saving technologies are being introduced into the industry. It is hoped that environmentally friendly aircraft and rocket engines will emerge. The governments of many countries are implementing international environmental protection programs against the pollution of the earth.
