Crimean Val - street-attraction

One of the central streets of the capital is calledCrimean Val. Crimean because once there were yards in which the ambassadors of the Crimean Khan lived. A Val because the street length of 1252 meters is part of the 16-kilometer (15.6) Garden Ring, which was once a closed earthen rampart, which was part of the fortifications erected around Moscow.

History in toponyms

The need for it arose after the raidKazy-Giray, the Crimean Khan, devastated the city. Within one year (1591-1592) a shaft was built, on which a 5-meter wooden wall was erected. From its outer side was dug, later filled with water. In the very wall, built at the behest of Boris Godunov, there were about 100 deaf towers and 34 exit towers, with gates. Krymsky Val is a street passing through the historical district of Moscow - Yakimanka, named after Bolshaya Yakimanka Street, which in turn was named from the side-chapel of St. Joachim and Anna in the Annunciation Church, built here in 1493 and demolished in 1969 . The history of Moscow can be traced in the names of streets and districts.

The border with Zamoskvorechye

So, the Garden Ring got its namethanks to the plan of AP Tormasov in 1816, which obliges the owners of houses, built on both sides by a cobblestone street, which appeared on the site of a demolished medieval wall and a covered ditch, without fail to plant gardens and front gardens.

The sprawling plantations were demolished during the periodStalin reconstruction of the capital. And yet, until the end of the XIX century, these places, nicknamed by the people of Skorodom, being under the constant threat of flooding, were, in fact, city dumps. In the Crimean Val area, among other things, there were also the possessions of merchant Sveshnikova, a city hospital, a philistine school, an untidy market, an almshouse and vegetable gardens.

A piece sung in the songs of the Garden Ring

The Crimean shaft, located in the very centerthe capital, on the one hand is fenced by the Crimean bridge, and on the other - by the Kaluga area. In total, the Garden Ring consists of 16 streets and the same number of squares. This is one of the historical boundaries of Moscow, which used to be called the Earthen City. After the walls of the Kremlin, China Town, White City, this is the fourth fortress wall of the capital. Serious reconstruction began in the Soviet era. On this territory in 1923 the All-Russian agricultural and handicraft-industrial exhibition was placed. After its demolition in 1928, a park was destroyed here, which in 1932 was named after AM Gorky. Street Crimean Val, passing along the Gorky Park, which became a landmark of Moscow, in 1950 was decorated with a new beautiful cast-iron fence. There is also the main entrance to the park, which can be reached by metro, the nearest stations - "Park of Culture" and "October".

The beginning of all future vernissages

Already in the 70s of the last century on the oppositefrom the main entrance of the part of the street was erected a building in which, under one roof, housed the Central House of Artists and the Tretyakov Gallery. This complex perfectly complements the park of arts, formed in the 90s. It was brought down from the streets of Moscow irrelevant at the time monuments.

A kind of exhibition "Crimean shaft", where you canadmire sculptures and monuments, is known throughout Moscow. In the same area twice a year, another popular exposition under the name "Real Estate" is held. There are no ancient buildings, all buildings of the Soviet period. Actually, the Tretyakov Gallery got the right to be placed in this building in 1985, and in 2000 the exhibition "Art of the 20th century" opens here on a regular basis.

New Tretyakovka

Every Muscovite and guest of the capital knows the streetKrymsky Val, the gallery and the Artist's House located on it at No. 10. The very name of the exposition "The Art of the 20th Century" located here implies the presence of large areas occupied by the exhibition. More than 40 rooms are located on 12 thousand square meters. The building, the construction of which was completed only in 1983, was specially designed for the branch of the famous gallery, and the name in the people it received was appropriate - the "new Tretyakov".

The Crimean shaft became a kind of continuationLavrushinsky lane, although inferior to him on attendance, which, in principle, is not surprising. Everything has its time. And art is full of events of the XX century, with all schools, directions that have changed as a result of unprecedented wars and revolutions, and should be located separately, in the corresponding modern interiors. The building is very beautiful. The entire exposition is divided into departments, which are built according to the chronology. The period of coverage - from 1910 until our days. There are sections dedicated to the Jack of Diamonds, the Russian avant-garde, socialist realism, Brezhnev's nonconformism, contemporary artists. The exposition is huge and very interesting.