The modern world, given the presence in it of manyantagonistic states, is unipolar. What can not be said about the events that took place several decades ago. The "Cold War" divided the world into the countries of the socialist and capitalist camp, between which there was constant confrontation and inciting hatred. What did the countries of the socialist camp represent, you will learn from the following article.
The concept is quite broad and contradictory, butto give his definition is possible. The socialist camp is a term that refers to countries that have embarked on the path of socialist development and the maintenance of Soviet ideology, regardless of the support or hostility to them of the USSR. A striking example - some countries with which our country was more likely political confrontation (Albania, China and Yugoslavia). In the historical tradition, the above countries in the United States were called communist, contrasting them with their democratic model.
Together with the concept of "socialist camp"Synonymous terms were also used - "socialist countries" and "socialist commonwealth". The latter concept was characteristic of the allied countries in the USSR.
As you know, the October SocialistThe revolution was carried out under international slogans and declaring the ideas of the world revolution. This setup was a key one and was preserved throughout the years of the USSR, but many countries did not follow such a Russian example. But after the victory of the Soviet Union in the Second World War, many countries, including European ones, followed the models of socialist development. Sympathy for the country - the winner of the Nazi regime - played its part. So, some states have even changed their traditional political vector from West to East. The alignment of political forces on the ground has changed radically. Therefore, the notion of a "socialist camp" is not an abstraction, but a specific country.
The concept of countries of socialist orientationwas embodied in the conclusion of friendly treaties and in the subsequent mutual assistance. Groups of countries that were formed after the war, also called the military-political blocs that have repeatedly been on the verge of hostilities. But in 1989-1991 the USSR collapsed, and most of the socialist countries headed for liberal development. The collapse of the socialist camp was due to both internal factors and external factors.
The main factor in creating a socialistThe camp was economic mutual assistance: lending, trade, scientific and technical projects, exchange of cadres and specialists. The key among these types of interactions is foreign trade. This fact does not mean that a socialist state should only trade with friendly countries.
All countries that were part of the socialist camp,sold on the world market the products of their national economy and received in return all the modern material values: technology, industrial equipment, as well as raw materials necessary for the production of certain goods.
Africa:
Asia:
South America:
Europe:
In today's world there are also countries,which in one sense or another are socialist. North Korea has positioned itself as a socialist state. The same course takes place in the Cuban Republic and in the countries of Asia.
In such eastern countries as the People's Republic of ChinaRepublic and Vietnam, the state apparatus is ruled by classical communist parties. Despite this fact, in the economic development of these countries, capitalist trends, that is, private property, are traced. A similar political and economic situation is also observed in the Lao People's Republic, which also was part of the socialist camp. This is a unique way to combine the market and planned economy.
At the beginning of the 21st century, socialist tendenciesbegan to emerge and become consolidated in Latin America. There was even a whole theoretical doctrine "Socialism XXI", which is actively used in practice in the countries of the third world. For 2015, the socialist governments are in power in Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela and Nicaragua. But these are not the countries of the socialist camp, such governments emerged in them after its disintegration at the end of the 20th century.
In mid-2008, there was a revolution in Nepal.A group of communist Maoists overthrew the monarch and won the election as the Communist Party of Nepal. Since August, the head of state is the main party ideologist, Bauram Bahattarai. After these events, Nepal has become a country where a course with a clear communist dominant operates in political and economic life. But the course of Nepal is clearly not similar to the policy pursued by the USSR and the socialist camp.
Cuba has long been considered a socialist countrythe state, but in 2010 the head of the republic, Raul Castro, headed for economic changes on the Chinese model of the modernization of socialist society. The central aspect of this policy is an increase in the role of private capital in the economic system.
Thus, we examined countriessocialist orientation of both the past and the present. The socialist camp is a set of countries friendly to the USSR. Modern states, pursuing socialist policy, do not enter this camp. It is very important to consider for understanding certain processes.
