Before considering what year it fell apartUSSR, let us briefly describe the reasons for the collapse of this mighty state. Was his "death" systematic or was it the result of a hidden imperfection of domestic and foreign policy? Most of the territories of the Land of Soviets were inherited from tsarist Russia. Tsarism pursued an aggressive policy towards its neighbors. In its composition were the conquered territories - Poland, Finland, the Baltic countries. Later, Finland and Poland managed to secede, but in 1939-1946 the Soviet Union annexed the "aspirations of working people of brotherly peoples" to their territories in the lands of Western Ukraine and Byelorussia, the Baltic states, the Tuva People's Republic, Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina.
It can be assumed that not all "working people"fraternal peoples "burned with the desire to feel the delights of collectivization on their skin, and therefore the centrifugal forces inside the multinational cauldron, called the Soviet people, always existed. But in what year did the USSR collapse, and why then, and not, for example, 20 years earlier or Most likely, for a long time, the "solution" holding together one-sixth of the land was an economic factor, especially in the post-war period, when the state had a gigantic territory in Eurasia, had access to
However, the situation changed in the 1970s.The raging global crisis and the fall in oil prices shook the country's stable economy until then, and revealed hidden defects in social and economic policies that later caused the collapse of the USSR. The date of the official collapse of the country - December 26, 1991 - thus, was only a consequence of a long-ripened illness. The state administration was globally, monstrously centralized. All was affirmed "in the Kremlin," at the plenums of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Such monocentrism in decision-making led to discontent of the authorities of the Union republics, which, incidentally, were also appointed in Moscow.
The economy of the country was deplorably extensive.Not only that materials for the production of products overcame thousands of kilometers (cotton was grown in Uzbekistan, processed in Siberia, weaved in Ivanovo, and clothes were sewn in the Baltic States), and the plan was also an indicator of the effectiveness of the work. These plans were adopted and approved far from getting acquainted with the realities of production by politicians. Work on the fulfillment of the five-year plan led to an increase in the production of low-quality and low-quality goods, and state management of product prices inevitably led to a deficit. Therefore, regardless of the year in which the USSR fell apart, discontent with life under "developed socialism" steadily increased.
A number of political scientists argue that the powerfulthe state broke up into pieces solely through fault and because of the machinations of the capitalist West, primarily the United States. Perhaps there is some truth in this, and there were machinations. But imagine a united family, where the world reigns and love. Is it possible to cause a divorce of spouses by telling one of them that, for example, in another family, people live better? Rigid censorship, the iron curtain, the severe suppression of dissent only strengthened the centrifugal forces in society. The country launched rockets into space and sent humanitarian aid to Africa and Cuba, and at the same time, hungry citizens of a great country could not buy a pack of oil. And it does not matter in which year the USSR finally disintegrated, it is important that it began to collapse from the late 70's.
The war in Afghanistan, the cowardly policy of the authorities,trying to hide the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, just completed the process. The colossus on clay feet collapsed. Perestroika began too late and could no longer prevent this fall. In fact, in December 1991, when the USSR collapsed, there was no single country, and there were 15 regions torn apart by their own contradictions and problems.
