Fermat's theorem, its mystery and endless searchsolutions occupy a unique position in mathematics. Despite the fact that a simple and elegant solution was not found, this task served as an impetus for a whole series of discoveries in the field of set theory and primes. The search for an answer turned into an exciting process of competition between the leading mathematical schools of the world, and also revealed a huge number of self-taught students with original approaches to some or other mathematical problems.
Pierre Fermat himself was a striking example of thisself-taught. He left behind him a whole series of interesting hypotheses and proofs, not only in mathematics, but also, for example, in physics. However, he became known largely due to a small entry in the fields of the then popular "Arithmetics" of the ancient Greek explorer Diophantus. This record read that after much thought he found a simple and "truly miraculous" proof of his theorem. This theorem, which went down in history as "a large Fermat theorem," argued that the expression x ^ n + y ^ n = z ^ n can not be solved if the value of n is greater than two.
Pierre Fermat himself, despite being left in the fieldsthe explanation did not leave any general solution after them, many who took up the proof of this theorem, turned out to be powerless before it. Many tried to build on Fermat's proof of this postulate for the particular case where n is 4, but for other options it turned out to be unsuitable.
Leonard Euler at the cost of enormous effort managedto prove Fermat's theorem for n = 3, after which he was forced to abandon the searches, considering them unpromising. Over time, when new methods for finding infinite sets were introduced into science, this theorem found its proof for the range of numbers from 3 to 200, but it was still not possible to solve it in general form.
New impetus theorem Ferma received in the early twentiethcentury, when the prize was declared in one hundred thousand marks to those who find its solution. The search for a solution for some time turned into a real competition, in which not only venerable scientists but also ordinary citizens participated: Fermat's theorem, the wording of which did not involve any double interpretation, gradually became no less famous than the Pythagorean theorem, from which, by the way , she once came out.
With the advent of the first arithmometers, and then the powerfulelectronic computers managed to find proofs of this theorem for an infinitely large value of n, but in general terms, to find the proof was still not possible. However, nobody could disprove this theorem either. Over time, interest in finding an answer to this riddle began to subside. In many ways, this was due to the fact that further evidence was already at a theoretical level that the average man cannot do.
The peculiar end of the most interesting scientificThe attraction “Fermat's theorem” became the research of E. Wiles, which is now accepted as the final proof of this hypothesis. If those who doubted the correctness of the proof itself remained, then everyone agrees with the loyalty of the theorem itself.
Despite the fact that no "elegant"Fermat's proof of the theorem was never received, her search made a significant contribution to many areas of mathematics, greatly expanding the cognitive horizons of humanity.
