The roof of the house with an attic. Types of roofs with attic in private houses

For several decades the attic is very popular. An attic is called an attic type living quarters, which is equipped between the upper floor and the roof.

Application of mansard roofs

Mansard roof is an additional residentialA room that can be used for a variety of purposes, for example, for the equipment of a sports hall, a room for guests or a bedroom, and so on. And if properly made vapor barrier, waterproofing and glazing, you can adapt this area to the winter garden.

The construction of the roof of the house with an attic

The attic floor can be as smallpart of the attic, and all of its space. In addition, make designs that protrude beyond the walls of the house. If the ledge is small, they rest on the cantilever removal of the lower building. With a large removal, and if there is a possibility of collapse of the walls, the attic structures are placed on an additional support, such as, for example, columns or walls.

Geometric proportions of the attic completelydepend on the shape of the roof, which makes it possible to use the most daring solutions in its design. For example, a room can be located both on the entire area of ​​the attic, and on its small part. It can be either symmetric or asymmetrical, and the form has a broken or triangular shape. If a polygonal shape is chosen, experts recommend the upper part of the attic to be made more sloping (about 15-30 degrees), and the lower one - with a large slope (60-70 degrees).

If you are planning to make a roof structure of a house with an attic on an already finished building, then it is necessary to assess the condition of the foundation and supporting walls.

When choosing building materials, it is necessary to start fromThe fact that the structure should have a minimum weight. The roofs of the attic are made of wooden beams, previously treated with fire retardants and antiseptics, or from a metal profile.

Advantages of mansards

To the main advantages mansard are:

• The possibility of increasing the area for living space due to the use of additional space.
• It is possible to equip a room that is not entirely appropriate in an apartment building, for example, a creative workshop or a smoking room.
• If this is an office building, an additional the area can be rented.
• At the expense of the attic, the loss of heat through the roof is reduced. In the event that all technological rules and norms are observed at its erection.
• The construction of the roof of the attic is quite fast andpossibly without eviction from the building of the tenants. Conducting communications will not be difficult, since they are already in the house, you only need to perform some technical points.
• The attic gives a beautiful silhouette of the roof, making the appearance of the house more aesthetic.

Disadvantages of attics

Attic is not recommended for use undera children's room or an office. As psychologists assure, a prolonged stay in a room with inclined walls can cause a sense of danger. In addition, the shortcomings such premises include:

• The problem with natural light.Special windows for the attic require additional financial investments. If the light enters the room through the vertical window openings, then this light will not be enough.
• It is required to select materials for the roof,heat-, hydro- and noise insulation. In the case of non-compliance with construction technology, there may be certain problems associated with condensation of moisture and freezing.

Roofs of houses with an attic: projects, types

When choosing a future building project with an atticit is first of all necessary to determine the design of the roof and its shape. Correctly selected project of a house with a penthouse will allow not only to save construction materials, but also to use the area with the maximum benefit.

We can distinguish the following main types of roofs of houses with an attic:

• shed roofs;
• gable gable or broken roofs;
• semi-royal;
• hip.

Each of these types of structures has its advantages and disadvantages.

When designing a project, it is necessary to take into account the load of the roofing system on the walls and foundation of the house, as well as how effectively it will withstand the atmospheric loads (wind, snow).

Mansard under a shed roof

One-pitched roof of the house with a loft refers tothe simplest roofing options. It has the form of an inclined plane, which is fixed on bearing walls, with different heights. This version of the roof allows you to make a fairly comfortable to use and spacious attic floor.

When designing a saddle roof is very importantThe moment is the correct calculation of the angle of inclination. Installing a roof with insufficient angle of inclination will contribute to high snow loads and increase due to gravity and moisture ingress of the risk of deformation of the roof. Also, this design reduces the resistance to winds.

With a single-deck roof, which has an inclination angle of more than 45 degrees, the snow will completely roll down due to its own weight. The optimal angle is the slope of a saddle roof 35-40 degrees.

Mansard under a gable roof

The gable roof of the house with an attic is considered the most common, since it has a rather simple form of the frame. The roof of the gable type has rafters arranged parallel to each other at a certain angle. The process of its erection due to the simplicity of the design does not cause any special difficulties.

Distinguish the following types of gable roofs: gable and broken. The symmetrical gable roof shape is the simplest. Its pediment is made in the form of a triangle.

The main advantages of the attic gable roof:

• simplicity of design;
• reliability;
• available materials;
• installation of such a roof does not require the use of lifting equipment.

The broken roof of the house with an attic is foundsomewhat less often because of the complexity of its design. Each of its rays is divided into two sections. The upper one has a slope of approximately 30 degrees, and the lower one - about 60 degrees. The space under such a roof is large enough. It can be used as a living room. The broken roof of the house with an attic is an economical and easy-to-install option for private houses that have a width of no more than 6 meters.

Semihalma roofs belong to varietiesgable. Their frame is made as an ordinary symmetrical truss construction, which rests on the Mauerlat. Their distinctive feature is the presence of small skates over the pediment.

Mansard under a gable roof

There are many different typesgable roofs, allowing you to equip them with a spacious and quite comfortable additional floor. The installation of a roof with four ramps is more complicated than the device of gable systems. It requires precise compliance with the technology of work at all stages.

Four-stage hip roofs have a number of advantages:

• Due to the fact that there are no such roofsvertical elements (pediments), they are capable of withstanding significant wind loads. Such designs are most common in regions where strong hurricanes often occur.
• Angled ribs that converge to the support ridge beam provide rigidity of the frame. Such structures are not subject to deformation during their operation.
• The roof of the house with an attic makes it possible to make large overhangs that will protect the walls of the house from rain, which will significantly extend the life of the building structure.

Hip roofs are not without some drawbacks:

• the installation of a roof of such a structure is more complex and expensive than a gable device;
• skates from short ends, so to speak, eat up a certain part of the attic space;
• the placement of window openings for natural lighting of the attic room requires a special approach.