Remember the old Soviet cartoon about a good dog onnamed Pirate? Cheerful, full and carefree, he came to the dacha with his master. Exploring the neighborhood, he met his namesake - a neighbor's chain dog. Having talked heartfelt and heard about his troubles, malnutrition and the absence of mastery, Pirate came to a disappointing conclusion: "Wow! Also Pirate, and what a difference in fate! ... "This passage was remembered not in vain, because it perfectly explains what paronyms are. But let's not go around the bush, but we'll get to know more closely this curious and slightly intricate phenomenon. Although any language is a complicated matter, but terribly interesting ....
First of all, these are words similar in sound, but completely different in meaning. As a rule, they belong to one part of speech. To become clearer, we give examples: architectural (adjective from the word "architecture") - architect (belonging to the architect, adjective from the word "architect"): architectural design - architectural experience; silver (silver-like silver) - silver (made of silver): silver hue - silver cup; diplomatic (relating to diplomacy, establishing friendly relations with other countries) - diplomatic (skillful, courteous, finely calculated actions): diplomatic mission is a diplomatic man.Of course, there are lots of examples. Currently, various dictionaries of Russian language paronyms are offered, which help those people who study it as a foreign language, as well as those who strive to speak correctly and beautifully in their native language. I think that if not for everyone, then many were lucky to find themselves in a delicate situation at least once, when a word was said out of place. You feel uncomfortable and stupid. For example, in my case, I incorrectly used "dress". I knew perfectly well what paronyms are and what they eat, but this word, unfortunately, I "slept through" .... It turns out that the word "dress" means to clothe someone in some clothes, and, as a rule, it is combined with animate nouns (dress the girl in a smart dress). The verb "to put on" has the value of pulling, pushing something on someone and being used with inanimate ones (put the watch on the right hand, put the jacket on the naked body). But any situation is a new lesson and a new experience, so do not get upset. Let's find out as much as possible about what paronyms are so as not to look funny in the future ....
There are a lot of differentclassifications of paronyms. Today we will take a closer look at one of them. There are root paronyms, affix and etymological. The first include paronymic pairs that have different roots, but a similar sound: sovereign - superstitious, conservatory - conservation. Examples include paronyms in English: contest - context, bride (bride) - bribe (bribe, bribery), mouth (mouth) - mouse (mouse). The next group is affix. These are words that have a common origin, the same root, but different affixes: human - humane, effective - effective, pay - pay. It should be noted that the suffixed paronyms are oftenare found in chemical and medical terminology. For example, the suffix "-ide" means salts that do not have oxygen atoms, and "-at", on the contrary, those whose molecules contain them: sulfide-sulphate, chloride-chlorate. And the last kind is etymological paronyms.It is known that many words in Russian came to us from other languages. In the process of borrowing, it happened that the same expression came from different sources. For example, the word "gel" from the Latin gelo - "freeze" through English gel, and "jelly" - from the French gelée; "Ignoramus" came from the Old Russian "Vezha" - experienced, knowing how to hold yourself, and "ignorant" - from the Old Slavonic "after all" - "know, know, understand."
In conclusion, I want to say that everything in this worldarranged in two ways, and not in vain. On the one hand, a large number of paronyms somewhere complicates life, puts in embarrassing situations, makes you be more attentive. And on the other hand, the simultaneous use of paronymic pairs is a great art and a real talent. This stylistic device is called "paronomasia" and is widely used in the literature: "He is what dreamed the most daring, but no one dared" (B. Pasternak). Therefore, both in life and in speech, the choice remains for us to be ignorant and confuse words or enjoy the beauty of our native language.
