Traditions of the Russian army, undeservedly forgottenafter 1917, they were in demand during World War II. The “fire and smoke” of the St. George Ribbon evoked associations of the battles of that time with the glorious victories of the past centuries and suggested the inevitable defeat of the enemy. The new symbolism affected the appearance of the revived order (the five-pointed star took the place of the cross), but the essence of the award did not change - it was given to those who performed an unparalleled feat on the battlefield. The insignia had three degrees, and over time, desperate brave men, full gentlemen. The Order of Glory was not given just like that, and the whole set even more so.
The introduction of the Order of Glory became part of the overallheraldry-aesthetic line, adopted with the approval of Supreme Commander Joseph Stalin in the second half of 1943. Shoulder straps, stripes, cockades, and other attributes of the Russian army supplanted the surrealistic symbols of the Red Army. Patriotism became dominant, squeezing the idea of an international world revolution. Thinking through the concept of a new symbol, they first remembered Bagration (he was also Georgian), but later they abandoned this idea. Sketch entrusted N. I. Moskalev, who had a wealth of experience. He proposed to create an almost complete analogue of the Order of St. George, introducing four degrees, but the final decision was made in favor of full holders of the Order of Glory wearing three stars on their chests. St. George sash ribbon strengthened historical associations.
In 1943, high awards were awardedfew fighters of the Red Army. Which of them was the first, today you can not say for sure. Sergeants Malyshev and Israelian were presented to the Order in the late autumn of 1943 almost simultaneously. Actually, priority does not matter much, since the time from submission to issuing an order was sometimes measured in months, and the rewarding itself took place in front-line conditions even later. All in all, despite the very strict selection criteria for the most deserving, the considered order received two and a half million front-line soldiers who fought on the front line. The list of full gentlemen of the Order of Glory is much shorter - there were only a little more than three thousand seven hundred.
The award was conceived as a promotion of outstandingfeats that could become an example to follow. The first to break into the enemy's location, blow up a warehouse, capture an officer, save the battle flag, personally destroy at least a dozen enemies, establish the weaknesses of the Nazi defense, save comrades - this was what was required in order to be worthy of this order. It was not easy, but the heroism of the masses during the war years reached such heights that shortly after the establishment of the insignia, both twice and three times awarded awards appeared. The first full cavalier of the Order of Glory is the corporal Pitenin, who shared this honor with Senior Sergeant Shevchenko, who had gone through the whole war. Unlike his comrade, the latter died, and therefore did not manage to get the third highest soldier star.
In addition to the general honor and respect, full gentlementhe Order of Glory had another advantage over ordinary warriors - they rose in military rank. Sergeants, corporals and privates became foremen, and so on until Junior Lieutenant, who received the second "star" on his shoulder straps. Further, the hero for his exploits were already waiting for other awards. The Statute of the Order of Glory provided for the possibility of honoring them only junior commanders.
In its form of order, regardless of the degreealmost identical and have a moire ribbon of the same color of St. George. Their overall dimensions (46 mm between the rays), weight (about 30 g with an accuracy of 5%), the method of attachment (on the ear to the pentagonal block) and the image of the Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin, inscribed in a circle with a diameter of 23 mm. There are also other attributes of the Soviet state, such as the inscription of the USSR (on the reverse) and the ruby star, and the word "Glory" is located on a scarlet strip depicting a ribbon. The difference between earlier and later rewards is that the endings of the rays have become sharper. In general, the order is very beautiful, it is large and well visible, as befits such a sign of distinction. Full holders of the Order of Glory wore on the chest three stars, differing in color. The difference was in what metal the awards were made from.
The order of rewarding clearly indicated that itproduced in order of increasing degree, so how many full cavaliers of the Order of Glory have been honored with their high rank can be judged by the largest number on the top beam of the reverse star of the first degree. This figure is known to be 3776.
Soviet government on awards for realHeroes did not save. The Order of Glory of the first degree was carried out from high-grade (950 °) gold, decorated with enamel of red-ruby color. It is this background that gives a translucent coating a shade of blood shed in battles. There is no doubt that this sign is a work of art in its compositional and color aspect.
Order of the second degree was made of almostpure silver (925 °) with gold-plated central part of the composition (which shows the Spasskaya Tower) and enamel of the same color, but the hue seems less saturated due to the fact that the background of the metal is light. These awards produced more - about 50 thousand.
The third degree of the Order of Glory is an almost complete replica of the second, but without gilding, and the silver of the same 925th sample is tinted with a reddish copper additive.
War is a masculine affair, dangerous, difficult andrequiring tension of all spiritual and physical strength. But it so happened that the Motherland was in trouble, and an unbearable burden fell on the fragile shoulders of wives, mothers and brides. And they survived it. The list of full gentlemen of the Order of Glory includes female names. There are only a few of them, only four, but this is quite enough to forget forever the concept of the “weaker sex,” at least in our country. Here they are: medical instructor Nozdracheva, who carried the seriously wounded fighters out of the lead hail, the sniper Petrova (Mama Nina), whose accurate shots forever left 122 aggressors in our land, and who prepared half a thousand of high-class riflemen machine gunner Markauskene, distinguished by defeated even experienced soldiers from the aggressors, who defeated even half of the high-class shooters, the machine gunner Markauskene, who differed in the defeat of experienced soldiers from the aggressors, who defeated even half of the high-class shooters machine gunner Markauskene, who differed in the defeat of experienced soldiers from the aggressors, who defeated even half of the high-class shooters machine gunner Markauskene, who differed in the defeat of experienced soldiers from the aggressors, who defeated even half of the high-class shooters of the machine gunner Markauskene, distinguished the defeat of the wars. with composure, and the pilot-pilot Zhurkin (no comment). These women, full gentlemen of the Order of Glory, have become living symbols of the indomitable spirit of the Soviet people.
Была в СССР такая хорошая традиция - чествовать not only military exploits, but also labor. Three decades after the victory, the Supreme Soviet decided to establish a new award, in addition to the orders of the Red Banner of Labor and Glory that already existed. This peace sign should have been crowned with special efforts and achievements in peaceful work for the benefit of society. Like the military counterpart, he had three degrees, the highest of which was the first. The full holder of the Order of Labor Glory, according to its statute, enjoyed the same respect and the same social benefits as the hero of the three highest soldiers' awards. The difference was that they could be awarded groups and teams. In total, these orders of various degrees were awarded to more than 650 thousand people, of which the third was awarded to more than 611 thousand, the second from 41 thousand, and the first (full holders) 952 employees. Despite the more modest funds allocated for the manufacture of each distinction (only gilding was used from precious metals), these figures are significantly inferior to similar military statistics. Well, other times ...
