Сегодня мы поговорим о том, что такое эволюция в biology, what value does it have. Of course, speaking about this topic, we can not ignore the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin, who offered it to the world, which exists to this day.
So what is evolution in biology?Under this concept, it is customary to understand gradual changes that are not strongly striking. But as a result of this process, there are fundamental changes. Evolution in biology can even lead to the formation of new species of living beings or to a radical change and adaptation of old ones. What is the significance of evolution in natural science? Of course, the key. You will understand this when you finish reading this work.
Now let's talk a little about the most key concept.our article. What is evolution in biology? It is important to understand that this phenomenon is irreversible and directly related to the historical process, the development of living nature. It is possible to consider the evolution of individual parts of the biosphere or, in general, of all of our living planet. Remember that only a living organism can evolve.
Earlier evolution contrasted such a conceptas a "revolution". But in the course of a diligent study of these two processes, it became clear that evolution and revolution are quite difficult to distinguish from each other. Why? Evolution can last for millions of years or go fast. So the boundaries between these two processes blurred heavily.
Some people think that man is the result.evolution, that is, we are descended from ancient monkeys. This theory was advanced by the famous scientist Charles Darwin. A theory called evolutionary. Believe it or not, everyone decides on their own, because now there are a lot of other possible hypotheses. But since it’s about evolution in our work, we cannot ignore Darwin’s theory. We offer to start it right now.
Чарльз Дарвин впервые смог объяснить humanity, what is evolution in biology. We mention also the fact that his theory was based on the works of T. Malthus, who presented his “Treatise on Population” to the world in 1778. After studying this work, Charles Darwin was able to formulate the basic laws, the forces that drive evolution. What is the work of T. Malthus? He explained that it would be with us if the growth of the population would not be restrained by any factors.
We also note that Darwin shifted the theoryMalthus on other living systems, its main contribution to science is an explanation of how evolution proceeds. He first introduced the concept of "natural selection". It can be mentioned that another scientist (A.R. Wallace) was able to come to the same conclusion. Then Darwin and Wallace united and spoke together at a meeting in 1858 with a joint report, and already in 1859 Charles Darwin presented the work The Origin of Species to the world.
So, what is evolution in biology, the definitionaccording to the theory of Charles Darwin, we have already provided. But there is a modern (it is also called synthetic) theory of evolution. We offer a brief review of it.
The theory of neo-Darwinism is a Darwins-Wallace theory updated in the 20th century. It turned out as a result of updating and adding new data in the following areas:
Why is this theory called synthetic? It is precisely because it is a synthesis of the basic positions presented by Charles Darwin.
Before we denote the basic laws,We invite you to consider what evolution is in biology, an example in this will be a good helper for us. Take the blue butterfly that inhabits the Samoan Islands. They began to exterminate the parasites, which were dangerous for the males. In just a year of such an attack, the number of males increased to 40 percent. No, the parasites remained to exist in the neighborhood, only the butterflies were no longer a hindrance. This is what evolution looks like.
Laws:
We have learned what evolution is in biology and itsthe essence. Let's talk now about the factors. They were obtained as a result of the study and systematization of all the accumulated knowledge relating to evolution. This is the only way to see and understand the driving forces that allow many species (less adapted for survival) to remain on our planet.
So, there are only three main factors:
Speaking of evolution, we can distinguish several forms of natural selection:
The first view aims to maintain sustainability.specific species. Consider the example on sparrows. During a severe storm, 136 dying birds were found. 64 of them died as they had either short or long wings. Individuals with an average size survived because they were more enduring.
The motive is manifested as: the disappearance of the limbs in snakes or eyes in cave animals, fingers in ungulates, and so on. That is, an organ (or part of it) that is not needed by an animal simply disappears.
An example of disruptive selection can be snails (more precisely, their color). If the soil is brown, the shell has a brown or yellow tint.
