Natural sciences are a complex of sciences based on natural phenomena of nature, without the intervention of the human factor; section of science.
Traditionally, the natural sciences include such disciplines as geography, biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology.
Natural sciences are characterized by their methods, approaches, and objects of study, which are different from others.
The basis of the natural sciences is the studynature, its laws and patterns of development, the fundamental role in the study of which observation plays. On the basis of this method, from ancient times, bit by bit, people collected knowledge about the world around him, analyzed and systematized them in order to use them for their own needs. The greatest contribution made by observation and becoming the basis for all subsequent research was made by such great scholars of antiquity as Aristotle, Plato, Pythagoras, Herodotus, and many others. However, for deeper, inner cognition and revealing the essence of all occurring phenomena, some observations were not enough, and the person began to conduct experiments. One has only to recall the endless experiments with materials and substances that the alchemists did in their unquenchable desire to find the elixir of eternal youth, the philosopher's stone and other wonderful substances, in the pursuit of which so many discoveries were made. Or to recall such names as Christopher Columbus, Isaac Newton, Vasco da Gama, Einstein, Galileo Galilei, Fibonacci, Magellan - they were all enlighteners and promoted science, often even at the cost of their own lives. But in spite of any obstacles, the natural sciences continued and continue to develop, because they are always relevant and necessary. Through their study, humanity can more fully meet its needs, finding new ways to solve problems. Thus, the natural sciences are characterized by progress and are a driving factor for development.
In general, studying nature, man alwaysfirst of all, he was guided by an analytical approach, in other words, by the method of reductionism (from Lat. reductio - reduction). So, trying to explain one phenomenon, we are forced to consider its individual parts, constituent units. To explain the physiology of the human body, we turn to its structural components: the organs that make up their cells and eventually come to some indivisible part, the starting point of existence. Through the knowledge of the microworld, we discover the universe.
All this led to the multiple stratification of allthe so-called fundamental sciences in individual disciplines, as well as "border" science, standing at the junction of the main directions. Nevertheless, all the sciences remain interconnected, through their assimilation and interaction, new branches of various disciplines arise, hierarchy and systematization appear. Due to this, the natural sciences are characterized by interpenetration and orderliness.
In addition, the natural sciences are activelyinteract with other sections of natural science: technical, applied, social. This is particularly intense with the latter, since the natural and social sciences and humanities have similar methods and a common object of study - a person who is both a part of society and a part of nature.
Bionics appeared at the junction of natural and technical sciences.
Ecology is a unique, interdisciplinary science, which includes technical, natural and social sciences and humanities.
From the above, we can conclude thatThe natural sciences are characterized by many factors, the main of which are their direct connection with nature, deep significance and interconnectedness.
