The electronics in the car is responsible for the multitudesystems and subsystems. Lighting, audio, cooling, so what's there, you do not even start the engine, if the electricity is turned off. Unfortunately, many drivers “float” in this area and are not always able to cope with faults in the electrical circuit, despite the fact that often problems are associated only with a blown fuse. This is a protective mechanism that often becomes useless and disorienting drivers. In the material below, we will discuss in more detail what the fuse is, how it works and how to replace it if one of them fails.
A fuse is a special switching device.an electrical device whose task is to disconnect a protected circuit by opening or destroying (burning) the conductive parts previously provided when an excessively high electric current passes through it. Roughly speaking, a fuse is a protective mechanism that self-destructs in the event of a threat to all electronics (in a car or electrical appliances). Some self-sacrifice, if to argue metaphorically.
Automobiles use fuses.and are selected in accordance with the rated load capacity. In the event of an emergency, when the voltage rises, the fuse insert collapses and opens the electrical circuit.
The process of self-destruction starts in the case of:
From the above, it becomes clear that the fuse in the car is destroyed in case of exceeding the nominal value of electricity. The fuse part overheats and burns.
The rated current of the fuse is calculated by the formula: Inom = Pmax / U.
The fuses are categorized according to the rated power as well as the size of the fuses themselves.
By size fuses are divided into:
Much more important is the separation by current strength.For convenience, they are all marked with certain colors, but you shouldn’t focus only on color, since fuses in VAZ cars are marked with colors different from those in foreign cars, because there are no standards in this area.
The first thing you will have to face a car enthusiastwhen trying to check the condition of the fuses or replace them, search for the fuse box. The fact is that finding out where the fuse is located is not a trivial task. In different models of cars, the fuse box is located in different parts of the passenger compartment or even under the hood. Sometimes the number of fuses increases greatly, and the car manufacturer puts several blocks in different parts of the car. Because of this confusion, it is simply impossible to offer a universal circuit or instruction for finding a safety block. For example, in cars of domestic production fuses are under the hood (the classic version of the location for the "Lada"). In foreign cars, the situation is more complicated. The fuses in the Toyota Corolla are located to the right of the steering wheel on the dashboard. It would seem that the producers of one country should be similar in choosing the location of the elements, but in reality everything is different. The fuses in the Nissan-Almera are located to the left of the steering wheel, in a small pocket.
The working fuse is firstsecurity. Therefore it is necessary to maintain them in working condition. If any element of the electronics in the car is out of order, you need to check the performance of the part. How to do it? Many drivers simply gain access to the safety unit and alternately take out the fuses for a visual assessment of their condition. Car owners simply look to see if the jumper in the fuse is damaged. Of course, this method works, but it is typical for amateurs, and besides, it is not always reliable, because the jumper can remain intact even if the fuse is blown out. To check the condition of the parts, it is better to turn on the circuit that has ceased to function (it can be any electronics, whether it be headlights, a stove or a stereo system), and then use a multimeter to check the voltage level in the fuse responsible for this circuit. Such a check will take much less time and will give an accurate result.
If the fuse has failed, itsneed to be replaced immediately. First we find the fuse box (if the unit is located under the hood, then the battery should be disconnected in advance). Remove the bolts from the cover of the safety block. Use a wrench for 10 unscrew the nut that holds the clamp with the wires. This is done in order to move them (they close access to the fuses). Also for greater comfort, you can remove the panel with fuses, but this is not necessary. Then just remove the non-working fuse and put in its place a new one (of course, suitable in size and par).
Choosing which fuse is right for you,It is necessary to keep in mind a number of conditions. Choosing a new part, you should contact only the proven manufacturers responsible for the quality of their products. It is advisable to consult with other motorists who have identical cars and the load on the electrical circuit. This is very important, since most of the fuses are made in China, where no one controls this process. Due to poor-quality products, it is possible not only to destroy the electronics, but also the entire car. There have been cases when the fuse block burned, while the fuses themselves remained intact.
To check the quality of the part you needto provoke a short circuit outside the car, and if the fuse burns out, it means that it is of high quality and you can take the entire batch to replace the damaged ones in your car.
Для создания искусственного короткого замыкания you need to attach the fuse to the ends of the wire, and then connect one of them to the plus and the other to the minus and send an electric current with a voltage higher than the rated one.
If you plan to install in the caradditional equipment, you need to find out whether the standard wiring of your machine can withstand such a load. If not, then for the new equipment will need to conduct a separate wiring, and the rated current of the fuse for it should be one and a half times higher than the rated current in the circuit. To calculate the load, you can use Ohm’s law and special tables.
