The question is where the river Tarim flows and where does it come fromits beginning, quite interesting. In ancient times, the Chinese mistakenly believed that the mouth of the great stream was located in the valley of the r. Huanghe. Its more common name is Yellow River. But during the rule of the Han dynasty, the local people realized that this opinion was not the truth.
The origin of the name was influenced by the locality whereflows the river Tarim, and its feature. The name speaks for itself. Translated from the Turkic "tar" means "split into parts", which is exactly what the watercourse does. Tarim has a lot of sleeves, in many places it is divided into numerous channels. The Central Asian scientist described the river quite simply: "It then flows into the lake, it is lost in the sand." Currently, many studies have been conducted, but their results only confirmed the ancient hypothesis.
The Tarim water flow is one of the largest rivers in China.It is considered the longest in Central Asia. The source is called the place where the Yarkand river connects with other streams. This is Hotan and Aksu. It is from this section that the watercourse is called Tarim. Its length from the river Yarkand to the mouth is about 2030 km. The total area of the basin is 1 million square meters. km
So where does the Tarim River flow? Its bed is located in the western part of China. To be more precise, in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the PRC.
Как и многие реки Азии, Тарим часто меняет свое direction. Its waters are rather turbid in color. The coastline is complicated. The bed of Tarim includes the waters of two rivers: Aksu and Yarkand. The latter originates in the high mountains of Karakorum. Aksu is more abundant than Yarkand and occupies about 80% of the total flow.
Along the northern and western outskirts of KashgarPlains, where the river Tarim flows, passes its predominant part. The Takla-Makan desert remains aloof from the riverbed, however, runoff is dissipating near it. Thus, a dry delta occurs. That is why scientists in antiquity said that Tarim is lost in the desert.
Previously, the river included such streams as Kashgar,Teznaf and Keriah. Now some resources are used for irrigation of nearby lands. And others are almost completely dry in the desert. From the basin, the waters are irrigated for irrigation in the Yarkand, Kashgar and Aksu oases.
В среднем течении и нижнем Тарим разъединяется на numerous channels and channels. Thus, it turns out an inordinate number of channels and small lakes, which are located in a strip whose width varies up to 80 km. This is exactly the place where the Tarim River, or rather, its main course, with its frequent frequency changes its direction.
The zone of the lower stream passes near r.Conchedarya. During the flood, the water of Tarim, passing through the canal, fill Lake Lobnor. It is believed that it is the mouth of the watercourse. As mentioned above, frequent changes in the direction of the flow is a feature of the Tarim watercourse. The river is quite peculiar, so if such a time comes, the lake begins to shrink and dry. Currently, this problem is one of the most important.
In the lower part of the duct the gutters are interrupted and, asconsequence, deteriorating water quality. Dries up a lot of small channels on huge areas. On the lake Lobnor appear areas of the desert. The government was involved in solving this problem. One of the main tasks is to improve the ecology of the river in its middle and lower reaches.
Tarim - a river whose food is predominantlysnow and rain. In the upper reaches of the water flow, it can be glacial. The flood occurs from May to September. From October to April there is a lack of water.
The largest flow of water in the river on averageCurrent near the Aral - over 2500 cubic meters. m / s As for the volume of flow to exit the mountains, it is equal to 29 cu. km, and in the lower reaches - from 4 to 8 cubic meters. km per year. In winter, the surface of the river is covered with ice from December to March.
The following vegetation is represented along Tarim and its basin: wormwood, poplar, willow, sea buckthorn, Ural licorice and Indian hashish. In the valley grow tugai forests surrounded by sand.
Animal life near the coastline and inthe pool is different. There are eight species of fish in the waters of Tarim that belong to such families as Nemachilus, Diplophysa, Schizothorax and Aspiorrhynchus. The most common - is char, osman, marinka. In the lower reaches there are reed beds where waterfowl species of birds nest. In the valley and lakes, many migratory birds stop.
The Tarim River in China is gradually losing itssignificance. Using its waters as a natural resource and for the purpose of any production is becoming less and less expedient. Despite attempts by the government to involve the local population in order to spread agriculture, most of the land was moved. This is due to the rapidly increasing depletion of water resources.
Main agricultural productsare cotton, wool, grain and fruit. From minerals extracted nephritis. Huge areas of fertile land are used for traditional oasis farming, which is widespread in Muslim countries.
To date, environmentalists have noted seriousproblems in the river basin. In the first half of the twentieth century, the course in the lower reaches flowed freely along the valley, having an approximate width of 50 to 100 km. Positive conditions led to the creation of a green corridor of dense thickets of poplars. The positive impact on the ecology performed by these forests has made them the main link for the existence of native plants and animals. Nevertheless, these latter green zones are undergoing a serious decline due to the rapid industrial development of the region.
