The main essence of the Maslow concept is the hierarchyhuman needs, the satisfaction of which occurs gradually: from the lower to the higher. Only by satisfying the basic, physiological needs, the individual passes to the satisfaction of higher needs - in recognition and self-actualization. Maslow's theory (the needs pyramid) undergoes changes only if society sets the priority of certain values, calling some needs "bad" and others "good" or "neutral." Therefore, in some societies, sexual desires or the desire for enrichment are prohibited.
The standard Maslow pyramid has five levels:
1. Physiological needs.They are basic, because a person's life would be impossible without food. A hungry individual can not think of anything else than food. From the early age, the satisfaction of this need is trained and improved, acquires a cultural frame.
2. The need for security.The first year of a child's life is connected with obtaining a sense of security, protection from the parents, freedom from fear and anxiety. Becoming older, a person expects security within the educational institutions, from people who organize educational and educational processes.
3. The need for love.Otherwise, you can call it a desire to be accepted. It occurs when the previous two are satisfied. Initially, a person begins to communicate with close relatives, and then expects acceptance among peers, in training and work collectives.
4. The need for recognition.It can be achieved through the desire for achievements, which gives the person self-confidence, testifies to his competence in this or that field of knowledge. Recognition can be achieved through the formation of a reputation in society, through self-affirmation and the conquest of high status.
5. The need for self-actualization.It is realized through the creative free activity of a person, which helps him to reveal his spiritual potential, as well as the desire for self-fulfillment, to realize the potential of the laid capacities and abilities.
The Maslow Pyramid can be realized in humanscompletely or needs are fixed at a certain level, directing the activities of the individual to meet only the first two, three or four levels. It is known that in young, newly formed societies there are categories of people called to raise this society, to promote its development and sustainable functioning.
The values of such a society are stimulated by some,The most active part of people is motivated to meet the needs for self-actualization. According to some researchers, it is the motivation of society that contributes to the emergence of passionate leaders, in whom "passionarity" is a sharply increased energy potential plus a specific value system, when the Maslow pyramid is presented in an inverted form. For such people self-actualization becomes the most important. They do not need recognition or acceptance in society, they can go without sleep and food for a long time if they are in the process of realizing their goal. Priority of the fifth level with non-standard distribution of the importance of motives makes these people different from others, but very beneficial for the development of society.
In every ethnos, apart from the passionate leadersThere is a category of people who live at the expense of others, without making efforts to recognize or accept people in the collective. Their energy level is very low and the most important thing for them is to save their lives in any way. Therefore, the Maslow pyramid for them consists of one or two levels. The level of safety of life in them is insignificant, because live sub-passionary people in unsanitary conditions or are used by passionaries as mercenaries, who in large numbers are killed in military skirmishes. Most of the people in the ethnos live according to the laws of satisfying the needs, which reflects the Maslow pyramid. Examples can be seen in large numbers among businessmen, politicians, scientists, who in the course of life reach the fourth or even fifth step of the pyramid.
Thus, the hierarchy of needs, which is built in Maslow's hierarchy may be impaired in passionary people is greater than the earlier periods of development of society in which they live.
