Educational technology is integralpart of the learning process. In recent decades, thanks to the development of science, it has changed beyond recognition. And now educational technology is not only techniques, but also various cybernetic systems. What is it - will be discussed in this article.
general information
Modern pedagogical science identifies the following paradigms of the technological learning approach:
- Empirical.
- Algorithmic.
- Stochastic.
We are interested in the latter because it is a scientific name that educational technology has. It can be presented in the form of three aspects:
- Scientific. Develops and studies the goals, methods and content of training.
- Procedural descriptive. Information is compiled on methods and means of achieving the planned results.
- Process-effective. Practical implementation using available personal, methodological and instrumental teaching tools.
Main structural elements
Educational technology is a complex development. Therefore, it consists of a number of elements:
- Conceptual framework.
- Content part. These include the objectives pursued in the framework of training, and educational material.
- The procedural part. This is a technological component such as the organization of the educational process, methods and forms of activity and work, as well as diagnostics.
Всё это имеет общие и специфические моменты.The first are inherent in all. As an example, we can take processuality, focus, and the desire to maximize efficiency. Specific issues are diagnostic targeting, cost effectiveness, efficiency, design, integrity, algorithmization, controllability, visualization, optimality, reproducibility and correctability. All this becomes more flexible and convenient to use as new educational technologies enter our lives. But what are they all the same?
What is it like?
Educational technology is commonthe term used to refer to the methods used and approaches in pedagogy, as well as the characteristics of their implementation. This concept can be represented in several aspects. Thus, by educational technology can understand the systematic method of planning, evaluating and implementing the process of learning and learning. This takes into account technical and human resources, as well as the interaction between them. Educational technology can also be understood as ways to solve arising didactic problems that arose during the management of the educational process. Also under it understand the development of optimization solutions and the identification of principles that allow you to analyze the factors that increase the efficiency of studies through the design of various techniques, methods and different presentation of materials.
Classification
Depending on the nature and significant properties, the following technologies of the educational process are distinguished:
- On a philosophical basis.There are dialectic and metaphysical, humanistic and anti-human, scientific and religious, materialistic and idealistic, pragmatic and existentialist, anthroposophical and theosophical.
- By level of application. General pedagogical, subject and modular.
- According to the most significant factor in mental development. There may be sociogenic, biogenic, psychogenic.
- In relation to the professed scientific concept, they distinguish gestalttechnologies, behavioral, associative-reflex, interiorization, developmental, neuro-linguistic, suggestive directions.
- By the nature of the structure and content.Distinguish between secular and religious, educational and professionally oriented, teaching and educating, humanitarian and technical, complex and penetrating, industry, monotechnological.
- By orientation to the individual. Allocate informational, emotional, operational, heuristic and applied.
Structural components
Old and new educational technologiesprovide for the presence of certain elements. There are many symbols of moments uniting them, but within the framework of the article, the vision of ME will be offered as an example. Bershadsky and V.V. Guzeeva:
- Initially, it is necessary to mention the model of the student’s initial state, which is determined by the set of properties necessary for the implementation of the technological process.
- Operational and diagnostic presentation of planned learning outcomes.
- Means of checking the current state of affairs and forecasting the trend of the nearest development of the system.
- A set of learning models.
- Feedback mechanism.
- Criteria for building an optimal learning model in specific conditions.
The influence of modernity
Now there are four classes among the technologies:
- Traditional techniques.The main study period is a lesson. Mainly explanatory-illustrative and heuristic teaching methods are used. Organizational form - the story and conversation.
- Modular block technology.Here, in contrast to the previous class, the programmed method is also used. The main learning period is the module (also known as the cycle of lessons). The organizational forms that are used in this case are conversations and workshops.
- One-piece technology.Among the teaching methods used: programmed, heuristic, explanatory, illustrative and problematic. The main study period is represented by a block of lessons. Organizational forms are lecture, workshop and conversation.
- Integral technology.Here the block of lessons serves as the main study period. It consists of variable and constant parts. When training, model training methods are widely used. Organizational forms are seminars, workshops and independent work.
The impact of advanced technology
Now programs and methods are changing dramatically.This is due to the fact that information educational technologies are increasingly entering our lives. They allow you to study almost anywhere! There are a large number of different projects that offer to take certain training courses for free in order to improve their qualifications or even study a completely new matter. And if you succeed then pass the exam, then issued and electronic diplomas. Of course, you will not offer this to employers as a higher education, but still the presence of such electronic documents suggests that at least a person is studying independently, ready and open to new and better things. And it makes you think about something. Information educational technologies allow to obtain high-quality knowledge without leaving your place or during breaks at work.
Conclusion
The use of modern educationaltechnology helps children learn better (those who really want it). They also provide ample opportunities for adults. The use of educational technologies allows you to raise their skills, become the best, valuable and highly paid specialist. What can I say, even if there is an elementary desire to change jobs, you need to retrain. Accelerated courses will not allow employment in government agencies, but you can find your place among private owners. And maybe even start your own business.
