Это одно из самых красивых мест в Подмосковье.Ostafyevo is located eight kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road. But here it is always so quiet and calm, as if from a noisy modern metropolis you get into the XIX century. Today we will tell you who owned the estate Ostafyevo, how to get to it. You will learn about the surviving and lost monuments.
Collegiate assessor K.Matveyev in 1751 bought from the cornet of Alexander Golitsyn the village of Ostafyevo and the small village of Klimovo. He immediately united these two settlements and built a house. In 1758, the new owner of the estate opens in Ostafyevo a cloth and colorful factory. This was the beginning of development in the area of weaving and spinning. Later, his wife built the Church of the Holy Trinity and St. George the Great Martyr, which has been preserved to this day.
For nearly a hundred years, this manor belonged to the Vyazemsky family. The heyday of the estate is associated with this noble name. In those days, it took its historical form, which we can see today.
Andrey Ivanovich Vyazemsky, in forty-four yearswho became a secret adviser, was one of the youngest dignitaries of the state. A man of sharp mind, well educated and educated, he had an independent character. I always did what I thought was necessary, regardless of whose advice and traditions. For example, his marriage, which had long been whispered in high society.
А. И.Vyazemsky spent a lot of time abroad. In one of his trips, he met a beautiful woman, a married woman, Irish Jenny Quinn. He passionately fell in love with her, took her from her husband and married in 1786. His wife received the name of Evgenia Ivanovna Vyazemskaya.
For those times, the situation is scandalous - a descendantGrand Dukes, Rurikovich is married to a Catholic, a foreigner, besides already married. Andrei's parents did not survive this, and in the year of the prince's marriage, both died.
Prince sold the estate Udino, which was connectedtoo many memories and sad events, the culprit of which, albeit unwitting, he became. In 1792, the prince buys Ostafievo. The manor is quite modest and it is not clear how it attracted the Vyazemsky. At that time, on its territory there was only a small house built of stone, two wooden outbuildings and several outbuildings that were located in the depths of the courtyard. A park with a linden alley adjoined the house. The prince got rid of all the old buildings except the barn. In the summer of 1798, work began on repairing and restoring the dam, installing lanterns and forged gratings on the bridge.
Параллельно с ремонтными работами создавался и a park. In 1800, the prince retired and devoted himself entirely to the construction and improvement of the family nest. However, to implement his plans, he was not destined. In 1807 he passed away. He left his son to the care of his closest friend, the historian Karamzin, who shortly before this unfortunate event married Vyazemsky's daughter Catherine. He settled in Ostafyevo, where for 12 years he wrote the History of the Russian State.
Любимец московской молодежи, острослов и a merry fellow, Peter Vyazemsky, for his accusatory verses, was in fact expelled from the capital to Ostafyevo. The manor turned for him into a prison where he lived under the strict supervision of the police.
At this time, the best representatives visited here.creative intelligentsia of the time: V. A. Zhukovsky, K. N. Bvtyushkov, V. P. Pushkin (poet's uncle), A. I. Musin-Pushkin, I. I. Dmitriev. The future Decembrists M. S. Lunin, V. K. Kuchelbecker were here. N. V. Gogol, A. S. Griboyedov, Adam Mitskevich and A. S. Pushkin himself visited the manor.
Subsequently burdened with debts, Peter Andreevichreturned to Petersburg and made a brilliant court career. From that moment on, the Vyazemskie practically did not come to Ostafyevo. The manor was abandoned. Perhaps she could have collapsed back in those times if she didn’t have a new owner - Prince P. P. Vyazemsky - a passionate collector, author of many famous works on the history of Russian culture. He collected icons, sculpture, painting, bronze, porcelain, books, weapons. All this wealth was sent to Ostafievo. The manor and park were restored.
Then the son of Prince Peter became the owner of the estate,who lived in Petersburg and came to Ostafyevo extremely rarely. The estate did not generate income, and it was decided to sell it to the historian Earl S. D. Sheremetyevo. Honorary member of the Academy of Sciences, owner of Kuskovo and Ostankino, Sergey Dmitrievich understood the value and historical significance of Ostafyevo.
He completely put in order the manor,He restored the main building and erected monuments to Vyazemsky, Karamzin and Pushkin - people whose life was connected with Ostafyevo. The estate actually became the first museum in Russia associated with the name of Pushkin. Since 1903, Ostafyevo and Nikolskoye, located nearby, by decree of the government received the status of a nature reserve.
In the suburbs many historical sites connectedwith the life of A.S. Pushkin. One of them is the estate of Ostafyevo. This great poet came to his close friend, the most famous owner of this estate - Prince P. A. Vyazemsky.
Alexander Sergeevich visited Ostafyevo three times. He was always a welcome guest for Vyazemsky. The poet read a lot here from the Bolda autumn, created by him into a significant for his work Boldin.
С 1982 года ежегодно в первое воскресенье июня Pushkin holidays are held in Ostafyevo. The estate, whose address is: 142001, Moscow region, Podolsky district, every year meets thousands of poetry lovers. Anyone who cherishes the name of the great poet can come to his monument and read his brilliant poems, lay flowers.
Совершенно понятна послереволюционная судьба Ostafyevo. The manor museum in 1918 was nationalized. From that moment on, it became the property of the state. The property took control of the new power.
Sheremetyevs have not abandoned their offspring, notemigrated abroad. They considered it an honor to stay and save Ostafyevo, Ostankino, Kuskovo. They got protection certificates for the manor from the new authorities. For their own safety, they had a letter of recommendation signed by Lunacharsky. In 1918, S. D. Sheremetyev died, and his son Pavel was appointed the first director of the museum and the keeper of the estate. In 1928 he was fired without explanation and evicted his entire family from the estate. The fate of the estate was sealed.
In the spring of 1930, the Ostafyevo Museum was abolished,the most valuable exhibits were taken from it. Some of them, such as, for example, the collection of icons of the 15th-17th centuries from the Old Believer monasteries, which Vyazemsky received as a gift from the Synod, were burned directly on the estate.
Today in the Podolsk district, locatednot far from Moscow, thousands of tourists come to see the most interesting monument of Russian history and culture. Of course, this is the Russian Parnas Museum-Estate of Ostafyevo.
Nowadays, Ostafyevo is a manor (photos you cansee in our article), consisting of a large house with two outbuildings and a magnificent park. It is not very big, but quiet and cozy. According to many tourists, the main advantage of this park is that even on weekends there are few people in the alleys, it is very clean.
In the park there is a large well-kept pond, and on the Lime Alley, which A. Pushkin once called the “Russian Parnassus”, one can see the monuments of P. A. Vyazemsky, Karamzin, Pushkin.
Almost at the very entrance to the estate isTrinity Church, which is included in the palace and park ensemble. It was created by the project of an unknown architect in the style of early classicism. The church was consecrated in 1782. In Soviet times, it was closed, and only in 1991 began its reconstruction. Today it is a working temple, which runs a Sunday school.
The central place in the estate is a two-story structure. The house is built in the style of Russian classicism. On the first floor there were once ceremonial rooms, on the second - living rooms.
По парадной лестнице можно было подняться в the lobby in which Prince Vyazemsky arranged an art gallery. The paintings of the XV-XVI centuries were exhibited in it. From the lobby you could go into the oval hall. It was the most beautiful room in Ostafyevo. The manor museum is now available for visiting tourists, so you can see for yourself.
To the left of the hall was a canteen, and to the right was the library of Pavel Petrovich and Andrei Ivanovich Vyazemsky's office. The library consisted of almost five thousand volumes.
To the left of the library was a spacious living room. A small living room led to the front bedroom.
On the second floor there was a room in which N. M. Karamzin lived and worked for 12 years. In addition, there were rooms of Maria Arkadyevna and Andrey Ivanovich Vyazemsky here.
In the architectural ensemble of the estate, in addition to the mainhouses, human chambers, greenhouses, wooden sheds and barns, a brick factory, greenhouses and greenhouses, 2 bridges. Unfortunately, today most of the buildings are destroyed.
Currently, large-scale restoration work is being carried out on the estate. Despite this, guests are always welcome.
For museum visitors are regularly heldexhibitions and tours of the manor park. There are expositions on a permanent basis, among which are: “The Ostafyevo Manor: History and Fate”, “The Medal Cabinet” and others. Tickets cost from 40 to 80 rubles (exhibitions and expositions). A tour of the estate costs 250 rubles per person.
If you have not visited thissight, which is a monument of Russian history and architecture, then do not delay a trip to such a picturesque place as the estate Ostafievo. How to get there, you will now find out. At the Kursk railway station, you need to take the train, or you can at the metro station “D. Donskoy Boulevard” to the route taxi number 422 and get to the station “Shcherbinka”. Then transfer to bus number 1045. He will take you to the stop "Museum of Ostafyevo".
Here visitors are waiting every day from 10.00 to 17.00. In the manor park can be reached from 8 to 22 hours (from April to September), from 8 to 20 hours (in the autumn-winter period).
For many residents of the capital (especially its southernareas) manor park has become a favorite vacation spot. Judging by their reviews, he is now in excellent condition. It is always very clean and comfortable. Residents of the metropolis value peace and tranquility that prevail in the estate.
Любители истории утверждают, что в ходе экскурсий on the estate, they were able to learn a lot about the lives of many famous and revered people in Russia. Many visitors leave warm reviews with gratitude to the organizers of exhibitions and permanent exhibitions.
Connoisseurs of poetry and creativity A. S.Pushkin express their gratitude to the museum specialists for their constant work in preserving the invaluable heritage of the great poet, as well as for organizing poetry festivals.
Some guests of the estate believe that there are not enough historical exhibits in the museum, many of them replace photographs.
