The roof of the house is the top enclosing structure of the entire building. According to its technological characteristics, a number of functions are assigned to it:
- waterproofing;
- carrier;
- heat insulating.
The top element of the roof is the roof. It protects the building from atmospheric influence.
Design features of the roof of the houseare determined at the project development stage. Then the required roofing material is selected. The design of the roof and its slope depend on climatic and operating conditions. The architectural requirements and the degree of capitalization are also important.
The roof of the house consists of a number of elements. The main ones are:
- inclined planes (slopes);
- rafters;
- crate.
The roof of the house can be designed with an angleslope planes, large ten degrees. In this case, it is classified as pitched. The project provides options with a slight slope of the planes. This angle can be up to two and a half degrees. In this case, the roof is classified as flat. In individual residential buildings, as a rule, pitched roofs are planned.
The projects of houses with a flat roof provide for ituse for different purposes. However, it should be borne in mind that this type contributes to the stagnation of water on the roof. This increases the risk of moisture entering the premises.
According to the structural characteristics of the roof of the housecan be attic and combined (bescherdachnoy), and in terms of operation - exploited and unexploited. The designed type of the upper building envelope is determined depending on its geometric shape and the roofing materials used. Preliminary calculations take into account wind loads and the estimated weight of the snow floor, as well as the weight of the roofing material used. All these moments can affect the stability of the building. It should be remembered that the selection of the material from which the roof will be erected is directly dependent on the reliability of the foundation and walls of the structure.
When designing the roof,The size of the house and its planning solution. If the size of the building is within six meters in width and length, there will be no problems with the roof. The task is complicated with a total building area of two hundred square meters. In this case, an exact calculation of the number of inter-floor and ceiling beams, the thickness of the rafters and the angle of the ramp is required.
When you make a roof, you can use different materials. They can serve as slate and metal profile, roof tiles and roofing.
How to choose the type of roof, the designer decides withtaking into account the layout of the building. The view of the upper supporting structure should be combined with the appearance and design features of the entire structure. Particular attention should be given to the reliability of the rafter system. This moment is important for giving strength to the whole structure.
Repair of the roof of the house must be carried out both withthe purpose of carrying out preventive works, and if there are any problems with its operation. The technology of the conducted measures will depend on the type of the roofing material, as well as on the type of the upper enclosing structure of the building.
