A very large part of the territory of Russia is coveredforests, thanks to which we breathe clean air and we can observe many rare animals and birds. One of these is the Bryansk Forest Reserve, located in the Suzemsky and Trubchevsky districts of the Bryansk region, the Nerusso-Desnyanskoye Polesie and the Left Bank of the Desna River, which is a tributary of the Dnieper. The area of the forest is 12 186 hectares. In 2001, he received a biosphere status. There is a well-known monument to the many tombs of partisans killed here during the last world war.
Due to the fact that this reserve is located in different geographical areas: forest-steppe, broad-leaved and taiga forests, - there is a large
a variety of fauna and flora.The latter is rich in rare species. In these places there are many moss bogs, on which glacial vegetation grows: shaykhtseriya marsh, marsh myrtle, willow lapland. Of great interest are the northern orchids of this forest. They have very complex biological development and almost the very first react to the change in environmental conditions in a bad way. Therefore, all orchids are under protection. "Bryansk Forest", a nature reserve, presents us 19 species of orchids. Some of them are listed in the Red Book, such as: a red headband, a real slipper, a Baltic finger palm, a leafless lipstick. Here there are 769 species of flora of vascular plants. Of these, five species are also included in the protection book: Traunesteiner's finger root, lepidoptera, a real slipper, a redhead, a Vennerian palmary root of the Baltic.
They are also quite a lot in these parts.The fauna of animals, vertebrates, includes 245 species: 153 birds, 50 mammals, 11 amphibians, 6 reptiles, one species of cyclostomes and 24 fish. Many rare species of animals found in the reserve
saving shelter.The badger lives happily here, the beaver lives, the beavers have mastered the backwaters and numerous streams, the otters inhabit the Nerussa River. Six species of birds are included in the Protection Book, including: gray shrike, snakehead, black stork, and others. Nowhere, except in the "Bryansk Forest" reserve, you can not find all ten kinds of rare European woodpeckers: green, gray-haired, yellow, small motley woodpecker, medium-sized motley, large motley, white-backed, Syrian, weret and three-toed. Nowhere else in Europe will you find them all together. It is quite common to meet some species of northern birds, such as: capercaillie, mohnopodia owl, yellow. With them the comfortable and comfortable remez and the great white heron - the southern inhabitants - are quite comfortable with them. The Russian security book includes 12 species of animals: large and small earthenware, black stork, Ukrainian lamprey, mnemosin, butterflies, aphyllum, stag beetle, giant vespers, muskrat, medium motley woodpecker, gray shrike, snake.
The region in which the Bryansk Forest is located is an accumulative
plain, low-hollow-inclined.There are no great heights or, conversely, lowlands. The minimum height of the territory is 125 meters, while the maximum height is 210 meters, the prevailing one is 140-170 meters. The district profile is formed by swampy and wide river floodplains, hollow-inclined and flat terraces. The Desna River valley in some places reaches 12-15 kilometers, while the width of the floodplain is up to five kilometers. Floodplains are characterized by marked priterasnymi depressions, which reach a width of one or two kilometers and occupy large areas. There are common shallow dunes and dunes 6-9 meters high, karst funnels and hollows. The climate of these places is subcontinental, the average air temperature is +5,4 aboutS. Osadkov for the year falls 550-590 mm.Winter is usually moderately cold. Do you remember such a song: "The Bryansk forest was rustling sternly ..."? This is exactly about this reserve. Summer here is warm. Amplitude of annual temperature - 25-27 aboutC. Most of the year - 136-154 days - the air temperature is more than zero degrees.
The Polesye rivers are tributaries of the Desna River andbelong to the Dnieper basin. A little information about the waterways that flow through the reserve. Desna has a channel around the area of about 90 kilometers, its width: the maximum - 144 meters, the usual - 60-80 meters. The floodplain is meadow, marshy, 4-5 km wide.
Another river, Nerussa, the left tributary of the Desna, hasthe length of this area is about 110 km, the channel width can reach 52 meters, usually 25-30. The width of the floodplain is 2-3 meters, it is swampy, forest-meadow and forest. There are also the rivers Navlia, Sev and Usozha. There are also many small rivers, the length of which varies from five kilometers to 38. "Bryansky Forest", a reserve, is characterized by a small number of lakes, which are mainly starvics of the rivers Navli, Nerussa and Desna. From the above-floodplain reservoirs, the Desna Zherensky lakes located on the bog terrain are distinguished: the lake. Large Geren, depth of 0.3-0.4 meters, and the lake. Small Geren, about two meters deep. Also there are very small, the kind of karst funnels.
From Bryansk - on the highway "Bryansk-Kiev" before turningto the village of Voronov Log, then - the Commune of the Bee, Kholmechi, Terebushka and to the village of Berezovka. There, in the center and there is a turn to the Central Manor. From Trubchevsk - along the Trubchevsk-Suzemka highway to Novyany, Senchura and to Berezovka. From Suzemka - along the Suzemka-Trubchevsk highway to Kholmechi and Berezovka. By train - the route "Bryansk-Suzemka", to the platform Nerussa and a half kilometers on foot to the Central Manor. Manages the reserve Bryansk forest management, located in the regional center at Kalinin street, house number 34. This department received high praise from the World Wide Fund for Nature for its work.
