The evacuation plan is a graphic document withdesignation of safe passages and exits of people in case of fire. Such a document must be in every building where 10 people and more stay at the same time. This is stated in Article 84 of the Fire Safety Act No. 69. Fire safety regulations do not establish specific requirements for who and how should this plan fulfill. Therefore, it is possible the evacuation plan for the fire itself.
Changes made to GOST R 12.4.026-2001, states that the evacuation plan must have an external or internal emergency illumination or, if it is impossible to fulfill this item, photoluminescent material should be used. If in the process of evacuation there is the possibility of connecting emergency lighting, then an evacuation plan can be printed on plain A3 or A2 paper.
Absence of emergency evacuation lightingimpedes the movement of personnel, since it does not show signs indicating the direction of movement to the evacuation exits. Carrying out an evacuation plan in case of a fire with your own hands, you can apply it both on a photoluminescent film and on a paper carrier.
All companies providing this serviceconditionally divided into two types. The first type specializes in all that relates to fire protection, knows about all the requirements. Using Adobe or Corel Draw extensions in their work, they make a big mistake - when printing, graphic elements do not correspond to the above GOST, and therefore the entire document becomes incorrect. When checking with the inspector of the State Fire Inspectorate there may be questions about such a document. Therefore it is better the evacuation plan for the fire itself.
Второй тип имеет хорошее оборудование для печати, but does not have enough skills to perform this task. Hence the excessive loading of the plan with signs, the appearance of new and incomprehensible designations. One of the popular mistakes is the introduction on the plan of a multi-colored sign “You are here”. Indeed, no document gives precise instructions on how this sign should look, but nevertheless it must meet general requirements: in height of 8-15 mm, in color - black. The maximum that can be changed is the shape of the sign. According to numerous studies, the most convenient figure is a circle. However, designers in firms of the second type miss all these nuances, trying to create a beautiful and colorful layout of the room, not thinking about its purpose.
How to make an evacuation plan in case of a fire and not make a mistake?
To get started, it is recommended to purchasespecialized program "Evacuation Plan", which already included all the necessary requirements of the regulatory framework in the field of fire safety. This program is a separate standalone application and does not require the installation of additional extensions and plug-ins.
The first thing to do is recreatelayout of the room in the program window. To do this, the developers have identified a separate panel "Construction templates", where there are ready-made objects: doors, windows and walls. When working with them, you can see that the walls are able to independently connect with each other at the joints, and the windows and doors accept the thickness of the walls. When re-planning, relocatable windows and doors do not “break” the structure, which saves time on rebuilding the entire layout.
You can choose absolutely any scale for the construction. The signs are in the same Construction Templates panel.
The program has ready-made elements, such as "Actions in case of fire." Additionally, it is possible to create 2 more information templates.
Work does not require certain skills andknowledge. The program's database contains built-in plans for various premises, which can be supplemented with signs or rebuilt. This application allows you not only to manually form the layout of the premises, but also to load scanned raster images, on top of which you can arrange signs and indicate evacuation routes.
Once managed the fire evacuation plancreate it yourself, you need to save and print it. It is better to save in DXF format, which will make it possible, if necessary, to edit an already ready layout. In addition to this format, the program allows you to save the scheme in JPG, BMP image format.
There is a plotter, then the document can be immediatelysend to print. Otherwise, it is recommended to start printing in mosaic format on several pages that can be glued together.
It will be easier to make the evacuation plan in case of a fire yourself if you know which aspects of its development should be focused on.
Самая распространенная ошибка - это излишнее the use of the sign "Direction of movement during the evacuation". In GOST 12.2.143-2009 it is indicated that the diagram must contain signs indicating the location of fire extinguishers, fire valves, telephones and first-aid kits, and escape routes are indicated by a green solid or intermittent line. At the same time, paragraph 6.2.2 of the same document states that the direction of movement should be indicated with a normal arrow. Therefore, no sign is required here.
Knowing this information, you can make a fire evacuation plan yourself without the help of specialized organizations.
