Blood in the urine of children: possible causes, symptoms, diagnosis and features

Detected blood in the urine of children is a seriousan excuse to go to the hospital for a consultation of doctors specializing in pediatrics and urology. As a rule, parents immediately go to medical institutions for help. Any deviation from the norm in the state of the child is a threat of the appearance of any disease, perhaps, serious.

Let's talk about the main causes ofthis phenomenon in children of different age categories. Separately, we will focus on newborn babies, babies and grown-up children. Begin the article with the norms of blood and urine tests in children. Starting from these indicators, doctors can diagnose many health problems.

Norms of indicators for analyzes

What should normal urine analysis show?blood in children? To begin with, the analysis should be done only by an experienced specialist. OAM in the first place helps diagnose problems with the kidneys and urinary tract. The color should be from light yellow to golden-straw, no impurities should normally be present (the urine is transparent). Below is a table of norms of OAM indicators (general urine analysis).

The impurity of blood should not be normal. Further the table of norms of UAC.

Please, accurately decipherThe analysis can only the skilled expert having the higher medical education. The table with blood norms, which is given above, does not differ in age (for example, the norm for a newborn child may differ significantly from the norm of the same indicator for a child at the age of three). So the results in each case are individual.

Blood in the urine. Causes

This condition is called hematuria.How can you notice the blood in your urine? Reddish hue, the appearance of veins in the diaper, clots in the pot. What is the blood in the urine of a child? This phenomenon has many different reasons, and note that in children of different age categories they are different. The state of the child's health should be monitored and very carefully.

So, the main causes of hematuria:

• urinary tract diseases;
• infectious disease of excretory system;
• kidney failure;
• salt and kidney stones;
• trauma to the urinary tract;
• problems associated with blood clotting;
• viral infections;
• tumor processes and so on.

In addition, in adolescents, blood in the urine can appear as a result of serious physical exertion, especially if the child is engaged in sports and wants to achieve high results.

Newborn baby

Blood in the urine of children who were only born can appear as a result of the following cases:

• birth trauma;
• kidney pathology;
• urinary tract infection.

Часто молодые родители поднимают панику absolutely in vain. The first days of a baby's life are very hard for him. During this period, a uric acid infarction may occur. Do not be scared, this is getting blood into the urine because of the large amount of urate in it. To address to the doctor in this case all the same costs, after all the reason of a hematuria can consist absolutely in other. Then the baby needs examinations and proper treatment, which can be prescribed only by an experienced specialist.

Breastfeeding

Blood in the urine of infants,found in a diaper - this is a real shock for all parents. However, do not worry about it, because the red color of urine does not always indicate the presence of some terrible disease. Here are some reasons for this phenomenon:

• disorders of the hormonal plan in girls;
• constipation;
• dermatitis;
• cracks in the mother's nipples (provided that she feeds the baby with the breast);
• allergy;
• insufficiency of lactose;
• infection;
• volvulus;
• eating food with red pigment.

Pay attention to the fact that the vessels of the babyvery fragile, they can cause damage to almost any health problems. The cause may be even high fever or overwork. Causes of hematuria in an infant:

• cystitis, urethritis (which are the result of improper hygiene and development of the urinary tract infection);
• pathology;
• glomerulonephritis;
• hemorrhagic diathesis.

Grown up children

Traces of blood in the urine of an older childspeak about the presence of problems with the kidneys and bladder. Bloody discharge in the urine is a very frequent manifestation of cystitis. Another cause of this phenomenon is kidney stones, since they can damage the mucous membrane, which leads to bleeding.

Please note that no othersymptoms may not be present, the child may look healthy and energetic. If the blood appeared as a result of cystitis, then we can note some more symptoms:

• heat;
• burning;
• lower abdominal pain.

In pyelonephritis, the following symptoms may occur:

• heat;
• chills;
• back pain (lower part).

Other kidney problems have symptoms:

• weakness;
• high blood pressure;
• bags under the eyes;
• edema;
• heat;
• pain in the abdominal area (with kidney stones).

Diagnostics

The reason for changing the color of urine is a large numbererythrocytes. If the urine is red, then we are dealing with macroscopic hematuria. It is not difficult to diagnose it by parents alone. However, there is also a microhematuria, which can be detected only when analyzing urine. If there is even the slightest suspicion of blood in the urine, then it is necessary to pass a number of tests. If the reaction to blood in the urine in a child is positive, then it is necessary to conduct a series of examinations: ultrasound, tomography, cytoscopy, x-rays. How to determine by yourself, what is the problem? Observe, if the blood appears immediately upon urination, then the cause lies in the urethra, if after, then in the bladder. OAM can confirm kidney disease if a protein is detected.

How to act?

If you find blood in your baby's urine,try not to panic. As mentioned earlier, such a coloring of the urine can attach to products containing a red pigment. Remember, maybe you gave your baby the day before beets, carrots or blueberries. It is very important to make sure that the red color is given by the blood. If you gave the child new medicines, then this too can cause a red shade of urine. In these cases, it is necessary to give more pure water. If the reason lies precisely in this, the urine will soon acquire a natural shade.

In those cases, if there is no connection with the products or medicines, then it is worthwhile to go to the doctor. The child for the beginning will need to pass the KLA and OAM. This will help to know the cause of this phenomenon.

Conditions in which blood in the urine is the norm

There are some cases where blood in the urine of children- this is normal. These include an inserted catheter in the urethra. Blood in this case may be present for several days after its removal. After the procedure of cystoscopy or fragmentation (removal) of stones from the kidneys, spotting may appear on this day and several days after. If the child had a serious physical exertion on the eve of the urine test, then this too can cause the presence of blood.