Endometrial hyperplasia is an abnormalproliferation of the inner (mucous) membrane of the uterus, when it becomes much thicker than in the normal state. In general, the term "hyperplasia" means an increase in the number of tissue cells or some organ, as a result of which the volume of this organ increases. According to medical statistics, endometrial hyperplasia affects up to 20% of women, and in 5-10% of them the disease is transformed into cancer.
There are several types of hyperplasia, these are:
Possible causes of the diseasehormonal disorders, gynecological diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), abortion, uterine fibroids, diagnostic curettage, adenomyosis, concomitant extragenital diseases (adrenal, thyroid, diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure).
Symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia can bedisorders of the menstrual cycle (lengthening or contraction, excessive blood loss); sudden uterine bleeding during menstruation or in the middle of the cycle, lasting up to several weeks; infertility.
Atypical endometrial hyperplasia is the most serious disease of allof the above species. The threat of its degeneration into cancer, in the absence of treatment, reaches from 20% to 80% and is most often observed in the period of cessation (by age) of menstrual function. With atypical hyperplasia, the thickness of the endometrium reaches 3 cm.
Restricted (focal) endometrial hyperplasia are polyps,germinating with separate foci. The structure of polyps are fibrous, glandular and adenomatous. Depending on the size of the polyp, the thickness of the endometrium can reach 6 cm.
Insufficiently developed inner layer of the uterus -hypoplastic endometrium - is not a disease. Such an endometrium is observed with a weak effect of ovarian hormones and does not require treatment - it is simply observed.
In cases where atypical endometrial hyperplasia recidivism and there is a high risk oftransition to oncological form, apply surgical intervention - remove the overgrown layer of the mucous uterus. The procedure is highly accurate, fast and completely safe, thanks to modern technology.
Other methods of treatment of a complicated diseaseis the removal of polyps - polypectomy, and removal of the uterus along with the appendages - hysterectomy. Hysterectomy, as a rule, is used for severe, complicated by the development of atypia, forms, internal polyps, myomas.
In many respects the effectiveness of surgicalinterference depends on how effective preoperative hormonal therapy, which allows to significantly reduce the volume of the foci of hyperplastic endometrium. Often combined treatment is used, combining several methods, for example, surgical treatment with hormonal therapy.
Atypical endometrial hyperplasia diagnosed with:
For the prevention of the disease it is necessary:
Periodic examinations at specialists will allow to reveal in time a terrible disease and at times increase the chances of a full and rapid recovery.
