Formwork is indispensable for almost allstages of construction of reinforced concrete structures. Today there are removable, non-removable, adjustable and floating formwork. The first type is most popular. This is due to the ease of installation of such structures and their low cost. In addition, such frames are suitable for reusable use.
Опалубочная конструкция необходима для того, so that the liquid concrete solution hardens in the desired position, forming a fundamental base or wall. As a rule, non-removable frames are dismantled 10-15 days after the construction of the sand and cement mix. Removable formwork is installed immediately before laying the concrete base and is not removed before the cement-sand mortar collects the vintage strength. This option is convenient in that you do not have to spend the effort to dismantle the frame, but in this case it will take a lot of money for the building material.
Shield formwork can be made of:
To determine which type of frame is more suitable for a particular project, it is necessary to take into account the design features of these "forms":
For the construction of fundamental foundations orwalls with the correct geometry it is more convenient to use large-scale formwork, and when building complex architectural objects it is better to give preference to small-piece systems.
It is also necessary to determine the material from which the frame will be made.
Removable scaffolds of synthetic materialsThey are gaining popularity because of their low weight and ease of operation. Plastic panel formwork is an easy construction, which consists of small sheets measuring 1210 x 605 mm. With their installation you can cope even alone.
In addition, such systems have the following advantages:
If you plan to build a house up to 3 m high, then such a panel formwork for walls will be the best option.
This is the cheapest formwork structure,which can easily be made independently. It is allowed to use improvised materials, but it is better to listen to the advice of specialists. It is recommended to use sawn timber from coniferous species for wooden panel formwork. However, it is much cheaper not to prepare panels from several boards, but to purchase finished sheets of plywood (better lacquered).
The turnover of wooden formwork is no more than 30 times. However, if it is a question of private construction, then this will be more than enough.
Опалубочная конструкция из стальных щитов has a lot of advantages. It is the most durable and durable construction. Metal sheets are made of either galvanized steel or galvanized.
Steel sheets are not deformed and move well away from the concrete mass during the dismantling of the formwork.
Nevertheless, such shields also have someshortcomings. For example, they weigh a lot, which greatly complicates the process of building a frame without the use of specialized equipment. In addition, steel is susceptible to corrosion.
Aluminum weighs much less steel. In addition, the panel formwork for the foundation, made of such sheets, will not rust.
Of the minuses of this material is to highlight itLow strength and loss of geometric shape under the pressure of a liquid concrete solution. Therefore, such structures are used only for small-sized buildings and foundations. For the construction of high walls it is better to choose a more reliable material.
