Natural areas of North America stretch alongmeridians, therefore on each section of the continent has the opportunity to develop a certain industry. The deeper the natural zone is, the more it stretches along the meridian. The fact is that the features of the relief lead to changes in the ratio of heat and moisture not only from north to south, but also from west to east.
The natural areas of North America, located inthe Greenland area and the Canadian archipelago, are called arctic deserts. As the climatic conditions here are very severe, this has contributed to a very meager representation of the plant and animal world. In those areas that are not occupied by ice, you can see only mosses and lichens. Almost the whole animal world lives in the ocean.
На крайнем севере материка располагается зона tundra. Since there is always high humidity, the area has become swamped. Almost the whole territory is covered with mosses and lichens. As for trees, dwarf birch and alder do not reach a height of more than 5 cm.
The further south, the natural areas of the NorthAmerica is becoming more like a forest tundra. It is considered a transitional stage and is characterized by the alternation of forest and tundra. It is also characterized by the presence of alder and willow thickets. Spruce and larch begin to appear only in the rivers.
The natural zone of coniferous forests is locatedto the south. Here you can observe a harsh and long winter, and summer is short and warm. As for the moisture content of the soil and air, since the territory is characterized by a low level of evaporation, the humidity here is in excess.
The natural areas of North America are characterized by intermediate phases. So, between coniferous and deciduous forests is the territory of mixed forests.
And already on the territory of Appalachia zone is representeddeciduous forests, which is characterized by a variety of tree species. As for animals, there are many deer, porcupines, baribalu bears, as well as possums, which are the only representatives of marsupials on the whole continent.
As for the plain territory of the mainland,here is a forest-steppe zone. Its eastern part is called a prairie because it has a higher degree of moisture. Today this territory is fully plowed, because it is characterized by equality of soil, favorable climatic conditions and good black soil.
North America, whose natural areasThey are located clearly by territorial affiliation, characterized by the presence of a steppe zone in the central part of the continent. Here, a lot of heat comes in, but this is not filled with enough moisture.
As for the eastern subtropicalbelts, mixed forests grow here, represented by numerous coniferous species, dwarf palm trees and shrub species of evergreen oak.
If we talk about the Pacific coast, herehardwoods and forests dominate. The soils here are chestnut, and they grow many such rare species of evergreen oak, which were known before the Ice Age.
Natural areas of America, occupying the peninsulaFlorida and California are called subtropical and tropical. Zones here alternate each other meridionally. The interior of the districts is fully occupied by savannas and light forest. As for the Atlantic lowland, it is richly moistened by the trade winds, because there is a very large number of tropical forests.
In the Cordilleras, the high-altitude zone is particularly vivid.
