In the earth's crust can be hidden huge depositsmineral. Places where such a cluster makes it expedient to extract iron ores and other resources are called basins. Thus, iron ore basins are one of the main sources of extraction of valuable metal for the country. About one of such large pools and I would like to talk more. Kursk magnetic anomaly is located near the city of Zheleznogorsk, it was founded at the GOK in the late 60's. Nevertheless, this city is quite large, there live almost one hundred thousand people. It is considered the second largest city in the Kursk region.
The Kursk magnetic anomaly is huge anda rich pool, one of the most powerful in the world in terms of iron ore reserves (about 31 billion tons). The basin stretches for a distance of about 600 kilometers and is located on the territory of several regions of Russia: Belgorod, Oryol, Bryansk and Kursk. Deposits of iron ore include ferruginous and magnetite quartzites, Precambrian granitoids. They are developed by underground and open methods (for example, at Korobkovskiy, Mikhailovsky, Lebedinsky and Stoilensky mines). Kursk anomaly is rich in land resources, chernozem with humus content from 5 to 13%. Due to active mining of ore, fertile soil loses its areas and rapidly decreases.
The Kursk magnetic anomaly was investigated inSoviet time, in 1931. The largest enterprise for the development of its deposits at the moment is the Lebedinsky joint-stock company of the mining concentrating plant. The width of the quarries is five kilometers, the depth is about 700 meters.
Some large KMA fields were discoveredmuch later than the first, in the 60s of last century. This anomaly was accidentally discovered by academician P. P. Inokhodtsev at the end of the 18th century when drawing up maps of the survey in the European part of Russia. When conducting research in the Belgorod region, the magnetic needle, instead of pointing to the north, began to spin wildly. A hundred years later, an associate professor of the Kazan University, IN Smirnov, encountered this strange anomaly, who conducted a geomagnetic survey. And only after nine years the associate professor from Kharkov ND Pilchikov conducted special studies in the field of studying the Kursk magnetic anomaly and realized that there are huge deposits of minerals here. They discovered new areas of deposits. A huge merit in the KMA study belongs to Professor E. E. Leist, who for many years studied the boundaries of the anomaly and the depth of occurrence of minerals in it. Since 1920, the commission under the direction of IM Gubkin has begun to study it more thoroughly. After the war, active reconnaissance drilling was conducted here, resulting in the discovery of rich deposits of iron ore.
In the 1960s, the Lebedinsky andMikhailovsky mines, in 1969 - the Stoilensky mine. They are remarkable for the surface deposits of fossils and for small water cut. In the rocks of the Precambrian platform cover deposits of bauxite, cement raw materials, phosphorites, building clay and sand were found. On the base Kursk magnetic anomaly in the future it is planned to build a huge industrial complex of world importance with the extraction of iron ore to many tens of millions of tons per year.
The Prioskolskoye field is developingmetallurgical plant of the city of Magnitogorsk - iron ore reserves amount to about 45 million tons, including ferruginous unoxidized quartzites. Mikhailovsky is one of the oldest and largest deposits. It is located near a small town Zheleznogorsk, the reserves of fossils here are about eleven billion tons and are being developed by the Mikhailovsky ore mining plant. Chernyansky mine has reserves of about two billion tons of iron ore and is located at a shallow depth - 160-200 meters. At present, the Kursk magnetic anomaly is a major global supplier of iron ore and stores many more rich deposits of minerals.
