All parts of speech in Russian are divided intotwo large groups: independent and official. Each of the groups has its own categorical features. Within each word, they are distributed according to subgroups according to their morphological features. These signs classify, study the section of linguistics "morphology", and in the word they are identified on the basis of morphological analysis.
Morphological analysis of the verb is carried out in such categories as:
• general meaning: indicates the action of an object or process;
• category of the species (perfect, answers the question: "what did / will make the subject?", And imperfect, answers questions: "what does / do / will the object do?");
• the category of transitivity (the verb is transitive ifis combined with the noun in the accusative case without a preposition, in the form of a genitive with the meaning of a part of the whole, with a negative particle. The remaining verbs are intransitive);
• category of recurrence / non-return (verb is return, if it has postfix, returnable verbs are irrevocable!);
• category of conjugation (in all, verb twoconjugations. To the second, according to the rule, there are 7 verbs that end in -et, the verbs to-be, 4 to -at. In addition to this, there is a group of disjoint verbs. Other verbs are usually referred to as the 1st conjugation);
• Morphological analysis of the verb determines its inclination. Verbs have three moods:
- indicative, indicates the action that will take place, now occurs or has already occurred in fact;
- Conditional, denoting the action that will occur under certain conditions. Also it is called a subjunctive. The indicator of this inclination is the presence with the verb of a particle;
- imperative, containing a request or order;
• time category - present, future andpast. Important! Verbs of a perfect kind change in the present and future tense, and in the imperfect all three temporal forms. Time is determined by the verbs in the indicative mood;
• the category of a number. Verbs can be used in the form of singular and plural;
• Also in the morphological analysis of the verb the category of the person is included, it is defined in the present and future tense;
• category of the genus. The genus is determined by the verbs in the singular, the indicative mood in the form of past or future tense;
• syntactic function (sentence member): the verb can act as almost all members of the sentence.
• Clarification: an infinitive, or an indefinite form of the verb, does not have the categories of imperative mood, time, person.
Scheme of parsing:
1. Writing a word, raising a question, indicating the part of speech, categorical meaning.
2. Recording the initial form, stating the question.
3. Indication of the constant signs of the verb.
4. Indication of non-permanent features.
5. Morphological analysis of the verb ends with an indication of the syntactic role of the word in the sentence, raising the question to it.
Verb and word formation
The verb, in addition to grammatical, has its own word-formative signs. Identify them gives the opportunity to analyze the verb by composition. The order of parsing is:
1. Select the basis of the word.To do this, the verb is defined by the ending or form-building affixes, which are not included in the basis. These include the past suffix of the -l and suffixes of an undefined form. Some linguists believe that the basis does not include postfixes-ya / -s.
2. Next, the root / roots are highlighted.
3. Prefixes / prefixes are highlighted, if any.
4. A word-forming suffix / suffix is allocated.
A more accurate analysis of word-buildingbricks gives a morphemic analysis of the verb, which also takes into account the so-called hidden, ie. Elements of the suffix or root identified at the phonetic level.
