Wood, like many centuries ago, is oneof the most common building materials. It is used for the construction of private houses, country houses. Despite its excellent decorative properties, the tree is exposed to various factors that contribute to its destruction, such as moisture, decay, fire and insects. The article describes what should be the protection of wooden structures from moisture and decay.
Protection of wooden buildings from moisture
The tree being the least durable and softmaterial (compared to, for example, stone, concrete or metal), is more susceptible to the destructive influence of the environment. For example, the humidity resulting from exposure to atmospheric phenomena, from which mold and fungus quickly develop on wood.
To protect wooden structuresuse chemicals and adhere to the rules of operation of structures made from this natural material. In order to prevent the development of fungi and mold, in a wooden building it is necessary to maintain a humidity of at least twenty percent. In the underground part of the structures, for example, in the cellars, the humidity will exceed seventy percent, which also corresponds to the norm.
Химическая защита дерева от влаги заключается в the use of antiseptics. These funds are recommended by experts to use as preventive measures and to impregnate wood with them, reaching the maximum depth of the material. Antiseptics, soluble in water, turpentine or White spirit are widely used. The last two options have an unpleasant, pungent odor and are not suitable for use in suburban construction. Antiseptic, as the protection of wooden structures, it is better to choose water. It, although more expensive in price, has excellent quality: it dries in 2 hours. Then it is possible to apply it with the second layer. For comparison: antiseptics, insoluble in water, dry for at least twelve hours.
Protection of wooden structures from rotting
Древесина разных пород отличается по устойчивости to rotting. The most resistant are larch, ash, pine and oak core. The relatively resistant include fir, cedar, spruce, beech kernel. In contrast, alder, aspen, and birch kernel quickly succumb to rotting. They need special protection.
More at the stage of lumber productionthe wood is dried to avoid rotting, which arises from moisture overload. Then apply comprehensive measures that exclude the harmful effects of the environment: temperature changes, condensation of moisture, freezing of wooden structures. Wood coating with paint-and-lacquer materials with water-resistant characteristics prevents the effect of atmospheric moisture. In order to protect wooden structures could protect against capillary moisture, place the heat insulating layer closer to the outer surface, and have a vapor barrier on the inside.
Необходимо отвести грунтовые воды и обеспечить good air circulation so that the wood dries naturally. This will increase the resistance of the material to the appearance of fungi. For the same reason, shading areas near wooden houses are undesirable. With the help of wall cladding boards, additional protection of the tree from rotting can be provided.
If the mushrooms started their destructiveimpact, then there is a characteristic smell, the structures are deformed, the density of wood changes. Due to the rotting process, window and door openings are warped. In identifying foci of rotting, either local protection of wooden structures or their complete replacement is necessary.
To localize the affected area with the designthey remove the facing material and remove damaged wood with special tools. Then antiseptics are applied: this is either a paste coating or spraying with a solution of a surface that needs protection.
