The morphology of the Russian language is multidimensional and interesting. She studies the characteristics of parts of speech, their permanent and mutable signs. The article deals with infinitive verbs in detail.
Not everyone knows what an infinitive is. This is a verb in the initial form. It represents the verb in dictionaries. For example, in the explanatory dictionary there is no verb are you dating, since this is a personal form, the dictionary entry is devoted to the same verb, but in the initial form - meet. You can put a verb in this form by asking what to do? or what to do ?: meet - what to do? meet, draw - what to do? draw, call back - what to do? call back. Different infinitive from other verb formsnot just a question. Suffixes of infinitives (verb in the initial form) are special: -t, -ti, -ch. Consequently, the analyzed word is an infinitive if there are such morphemes in the verb.
Especially keen on learning Russianpupils and students are concerned about the question of why the infinitive is called the indefinite form of the verb. First, the word "infinitive" itself goes back to the Latin word, which translates as "indefinite." Secondly, the infinitive does not determine the form of the verb, more precisely, its personal form, the form of tense, mood, gender, number, and so on. The infinitive defines the permanent signs of the verb, such as type, conjugation, reflexivity and transitivity. They will be discussed below.
When performing morphological analysis of the verb is required to identify its signs. Permanent signs are indicated by the indefinite form of the verb.
View is a partly category that reflects the relation of the action to its inner limit: completed / occurs. Infinitive verbs that answer the question what to do? have a perfect look: say cook. Verbs in initial form that answer the question what to do? have an imperfect appearance: speak, cook, ride. Specific pairs are distinguished, that is, words with the same meaning, but of a different type: solve - decide, say - speak, sew - sew, bake - bake. 
Verb conjugation is traditionally determined by the initial form. By 2 conjugation are those that end in to bear (an exception to shave) and verbs hold, drive, see, look, hear, breathe, hate, tolerate, offend, twirl, depend; to the first - all the other verbs.The conjugation of not all verbs can be identified by the infinitive. A class of spurious verbs is distinguished, which, when changed, combine the endings of 1 and 2 conjugations. These are words to give, eat, run, want.
Transitivity is the next permanent feature. Infinitives-verbs that are able to control a noun in the accusative case are called transitive, and those that cannot - intransitive. For example, sew (what?) button, write (what?) film, draw (whom?) child - transient; to wonder, call, shoot not used with the accusative case, that is, intransitive.
Return verbs are those verbs that have a postfix-Xia: build, wash, make a reservation. Non-returnable - those for which this affix is missing.
Indicators of the initial form of the verb - morphemes -t, -ti, -ch - cause discussions of linguists. Many define them as endings, referring to their ability to change: say - said, indicate - indicated. However, the infinitive is considered an unchangeable form,therefore, it should not have any endings. An increasingly common version is that morphemes denoting an infinitive are inflectional suffixes.
Infinitives are non-personal forms of the verb.This is due to the fact that it is an unchangeable form, in which the person, gender, number is not determined. Infinitives do not have with them nouns in the nominative case, unlike personal forms. They only call action without its relation to the face. The infinitive is not connected with the category of time, which is determined by personal forms. Their inclination is also not definable. That is, the infinitive is surreal, it is timeless, it only calls action. Some students ask a question about the dependence of the infinitive on the verb. An infinitive is, in a different way, a verb in its initial form.
In Russian grammar there are other non-personalforms are communion and germ. They, like the infinitive, do not change in individuals. The verbal adverb is such an immutable form of the verb that it combines the signs of adverbs and verbs and answers the question what having done? what are you doing?: reading, publishing, pointing, chorus. Participle is a form of the verb, which means a sign on the action, combines the signs of the name of the adjective and the verb, answers the questions of the names of adjectives: which one? surrounded, acting, looking, forgotten.
The peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb is that it can play the role of any member in the sentence. Quite often is the subject of the infinitive verb in Russian. Examples: In everything, seeking truth was its end in itself. To value the work of others is worthy. It's no use talking to him.. Denoting the action, the infinitive plays the role of a predicate: Do not see you rest! He did not understand. Don't recognize her. Often he enters the compound verb predicate, following the auxiliary verb: The family wanted to stay here for a month. Lena began working immediately after her appointment. He stopped joking after receiving comments.
Minor clauses can also be expressed by an indefinite verb form. Thus, the infinitive plays the role of additions in sentences: The captain ordered to attack. They agreed to meet. She quickly got used to work. The definition can be expressed as an infinitive: She had a desire to change the world for the better. He took the opportunity to retire. Hope to leave in the morning soothed them. The circumstance represented by the initial form of the verb: Vera was going to go to the sea. Volunteers stopped at the lake to feed the birds. Children come to her from all over the city. 
Infinitives have long been used by the people in oral folk art, more precisely in proverbs. The indefinite form of the verb in them is necessary to create a generalization of the content: Less promise, less sin. A thief to indulge - to steal himself. Not hard to do, but hard to think. In fiction, infinitives are widely used. Examples: “A thick, stumpy tree — I’ll be able to live,” “I called you to find out,” “Let me come first,” “and nobody cares about his worries, and only to talk (V. Shukshin. “Stoves-benches”); "No one wants to change ... equilibrium," "habit of smiling tin what way ... slightly pulled towards the bottom of his ... face ", "it was possible to ask not to sprinkle it with crushed peanuts" (Iskander, FA "Summer Day").
