In the late 80-ies of the 20 th century in the south of ChelyabinskAn ancient settlement Arkaim was discovered in the region. This place wanted to flood and make a reservoir, but scientists managed to defend the site of the excavation. Now there is a museum-reserve, it conducts research and opens up all the new secrets that Arkaim keeps. The ancient city is one of many settlements. It is believed that their age is more than four thousand years. This makes this archaeological complex the most ancient place of existence of civilization.
Why did the name Arkaim appear?The ancient city is located a few kilometers from the mountain with this name, and this wasteland on old maps was also called Arkaim. During the research it turned out that this is not the only settlement of those years. Previously, the Sintashta complex, which belongs to the same culture, was discovered. The settlements are located on the territory of about 300 kilometers, and called them the Country of Cities.
Why is Arkaim more known - an ancient city?A photo of this area from an airplane shows its structure. A well-marked ditch, rings of defensive earthen fortifications and a central square are well visible. The hillfort is located in the form of concentric circles, inside which the dwellings were located. The total area of the settlement is about 20 thousand square meters. The whole territory has not yet been explored, and what has been excavated raises more questions.
After all, it turns out that the mostThe first center of civilization is Arkaim. The ancient city was built using many technical knowledge, unknown at that time. For example, there is a sewage system, a well-thought-out water supply system, and a metallurgical industry. The developed infrastructure and defensive structures cause confusion among researchers.
The structure of the city is unusual.It consists of two circles. The outer wall has a thickness and a height of more than five meters. Four passes are made in it, which form a properly directed solar cross - the swastika. The buildings are also located in a circle: in their outer 35, and in the inner - 25. There are now only 29 houses under investigation. In each of them there is a hearth, a well, outbuildings and a metallurgical furnace. To get to the central square, you had to go around the perimeter, moving along the sun, because in the inner ring there was only one entrance.
Many scientists believe that Arkaim was ancientobservatory. After all, its radial construction and correct orientation to the sun and stars allows observing 18 astronomical events: the days of new moons, full moons, solstices and equinoxes. And even such a famous ancient building as Stonehenge allows you to observe only 15 events, although they are located with Arkaim on the same latitude.
Until now, the mysteries of the ancient city have not been solvedArkaima. Why was it built, why so suddenly left by all residents and burned? And the residents left, taking with them all the utensils. Only a few cemeteries near the city allow us to judge the customs and customs of people of that time. After the disappearance of the inhabitants of the city, nobody lived at this place. This territory is still considered the strongest anomalous zone in Russia.
